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A randomised vaccine field trial in Kenya demonstrates protection against wildebeest-associated malignant catarrhal fever in cattle
- Source :
- Vaccine. 37(40)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Wildebeest-associated malignant catarrhal fever (WA-MCF), a fatal disease of cattle caused by alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1), is one of the most important seasonal diseases of cattle in wildebeest endemic areas, with annual incidence reaching 10%. Here we report efficacy of over 80% for a vaccine based on the attenuated AlHV-1 C500 strain, in preventing fatal WA-MCF in cattle exposed to natural wildebeest challenge. The study was conducted at Kapiti Plains Ranch Ltd, south-east of Nairobi, Kenya. In 2016, 146 cattle were selected for a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Cattle were stratified according to breed and age and randomly assigned to groups given vaccine or culture medium mixed with Emulsigen®. Cattle received prime and boost inoculations one month apart and few adverse reactions (n = 4) were observed. Indirect ELISA demonstrated that all cattle in the vaccine group developed a serological response to AlHV-1. The study herd was grazed with wildebeest from one month after booster vaccination. Three cattle, two that received vaccine and one control, succumbed to conditions unrelated to WA-MCF before the study ended. Twenty-five cattle succumbed to WA-MCF; four of the remaining 71 cattle in the vaccine group (5.6%) and 21 of the remaining 72 control cattle (29.2%; χ2 = 13.6, df = 1, p
- Subjects :
- Veterinary medicine
030231 tropical medicine
Cattle Diseases
Serology
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Gammaherpesvirinae
biology.animal
Medicine
Animals
030212 general & internal medicine
Adverse effect
General Veterinary
General Immunology and Microbiology
biology
business.industry
Vaccination
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Vaccine efficacy
Kenya
Breed
Wildebeest
Infectious Diseases
Malignant Catarrh
Herd
Molecular Medicine
Cattle
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18732518
- Volume :
- 37
- Issue :
- 40
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Vaccine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....84e0f7ba4eaa4b17cf1b3ba89ef6831f