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Impact of whole-body versus nose-only inhalation exposure systems on systemic, respiratory, and cardiovascular endpoints in a 2-month cigarette smoke exposure study in the ApoE
- Source :
- Journal of Applied Toxicology
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Cigarette smoking is one major modifiable risk factor in the development and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular disease. To characterize and compare cigarette smoke (CS)‐induced disease endpoints after exposure in either whole‐body (WB) or nose‐only (NO) exposure systems, we exposed apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice to filtered air (Sham) or to the same total particulate matter (TPM) concentration of mainstream smoke from 3R4F reference cigarettes in NO or WB exposure chambers (EC) for 2 months. At matching TPM concentrations, we observed similar concentrations of carbon monoxide, acetaldehyde, and acrolein, but higher concentrations of nicotine and formaldehyde in NOEC than in WBEC. In both exposure systems, CS exposure led to the expected adaptive changes in nasal epithelia, altered lung function, lung inflammation, and pronounced changes in the nasal epithelial transcriptome and lung proteome. Exposure in the NOEC caused generally more severe histopathological changes in the nasal epithelia and a higher stress response as indicated by body weight decrease and lower blood lymphocyte counts compared with WB exposed mice. Erythropoiesis, and increases in total plasma triglyceride levels and atherosclerotic plaque area were observed only in CS‐exposed mice in the WBEC group but not in the NOEC group. Although the composition of CS in the breathing zone is not completely comparable in the two exposure systems, the CS‐induced respiratory disease endpoints were largely confirmed in both systems, with a higher magnitude of severity after NO exposure. CS‐accelerated atherosclerosis and other pro‐atherosclerotic factors were only significant in WBEC.<br />To characterize and compare cigarette smoke‐induced disease endpoints after exposure in either whole‐body (WB) or nose‐only (NO) exposure chambers (EC), we exposed apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice to filtered air or mainstream smoke from 3R4F reference cigarettes (same target total particulate matter concentration) in NOEC or WBEC for 2 months. The main respiratory disease endpoints and exposure effects were confirmed in both systems, with a greater severity in the NOEC group. Exposure in the WBEC caused generally a more pronounced cardiovascular response.
- Subjects :
- Apolipoprotein E
Lung Diseases
Male
Apolipoprotein B
Physiology
Inflammation
010501 environmental sciences
Toxicology
01 natural sciences
Cigarette Smoking
Nicotine
03 medical and health sciences
Mice
Smoke
medicine
Animals
Sidestream smoke
Respiratory system
Research Articles
030304 developmental biology
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
nose‐only inhalation
0303 health sciences
Inhalation Exposure
Lung
biology
business.industry
cigarette smoke
Respiratory disease
whole‐body inhalation
medicine.disease
Absorption, Physiological
Disease Models, Animal
medicine.anatomical_structure
Apolipoproteins
Cardiovascular Diseases
biology.protein
respiratory tract effects
medicine.symptom
business
cardiovascular effects
medicine.drug
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10991263
- Volume :
- 41
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of applied toxicology : JAT
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8468aa9f3d60e0e95b1f19bc9eb7a800