Psicología educativa : revista de los psicólogos de la educación

espanolEl bullying discriminatorio a causa de las diferencias en las necesidades educativas especiales o discapacidad amenaza el desarrollo saludable de los adolescentes. El estudio pretende conocer si la autoestima, la empatia y las habilidades sociales son predictoras de este bullying discriminatorio (agresion y victimizacion). Una muestra de 1,640 adolescentes de 11 a 20 anos, 820 de Espana (48.8% hombres y 51.2% mujeres) y 820 de Ecuador (49.3% hombres y 50.7% mujeres), participaron cumplimentando una bateria de cuestionarios de autoinforme. Los resultados de los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales muestran que en ambos paises la autoconfianza predice negativamente la victimizacion y la agresion y el autodesprecio positivamente; la asertividad es un predictor positivo de la agresion y negativo de la victimizacion. Se observan diferencias entre ambos paises en el papel de las habilidades sociales (comunicativas y de resolucion de conflictos) y de la empatia. Se discuten los resultados en relacion con la naturaleza de este bullying discriminatorio y los programas educativos preventivos EnglishDiscriminatory bullying based on differences in special educational needs or disability threatens the healthy development of adolescents. The study aims to find out whether self-esteem, empathy, and social skills are predictors of this discriminatory bullying (aggression and victimization). A sample of 1,640 adolescents aged 11 to 20, of which half are from Spain (48.8% male and 51.2% female) and half from Ecuador (49.3% men and 50.7% women), participated in the study by completing a battery of self-report questionnaires. The results of the structural equation models show that in both countries victimization and aggression are predicted negatively by self-confidence and positively by self-deprecation; assertiveness is a positive predictor of aggression and a negative predictor of victimization. Differences are observed between the two countries in the role of social skills (communication and conflict resolution) and empathy. These results are discussed in relation to the nature of this discriminatory bullying and preventive educational programs.