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The role of endogenous versus exogenous sources in the exposome of putative genotoxins and consequences for risk assessment
- Source :
- Archives of Toxicology, 96 (5), 1297–1352, Archives of Toxicology, 96(5), 1297-1352, Archives of toxicology, 96(5):1297-1352, Archives of Toxicology 96 (2022) 5
- Publication Year :
- 2022
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2022.
-
Abstract
- The “totality” of the human exposure is conceived to encompass life-associated endogenous and exogenous aggregate exposures. Process-related contaminants (PRCs) are not only formed in foods by heat processing, but also occur endogenously in the organism as physiological components of energy metabolism, potentially also generated by the human microbiome. To arrive at a comprehensive risk assessment, it is necessary to understand the contribution of in vivo background occurrence as compared to the ingestion from exogenous sources. Hence, this review provides an overview of the knowledge on the contribution of endogenous exposure to the overall exposure to putative genotoxic food contaminants, namely ethanol, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, acrylamide, acrolein, α,β-unsaturated alkenals, glycation compounds, N-nitroso compounds, ethylene oxide, furans, 2- and 3-MCPD, and glycidyl esters. The evidence discussed herein allows to conclude that endogenous formation of some contaminants appears to contribute substantially to the exposome. This is of critical importance for risk assessment in the cases where endogenous exposure is suspected to outweigh the exogenous one (e.g. formaldehyde and acrolein).
- Subjects :
- Life sciences
biology
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Process-related contaminants
10050 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology
3005 Toxicology
genotoxins
exposome
endogenous exposure
process-related contaminants
610 Medicine & health
General Medicine
Genotoxins
Toxicology
Risk Assessment
Exposome
Health
Formaldehyde
ddc:570
2307 Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Humans
570 Life sciences
Endogenous exposure
Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Acrolein
Toxicologie
Mutagens
VLAG
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14320738, 03405761, 00039446, and 03708497
- Volume :
- 96
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Archives of Toxicology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....831402af5cdde588a7d3660505cba4af