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Metagenomic Survey Reveals More Diverse and Abundant Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Municipal Wastewater Than Hospital Wastewater
- Source :
- Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Frontiers Media SA, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Alongside antibiotic resistance, co-selection of antibiotics, biocides, and metal resistance is a growing concern. While hospital wastewater is considered a hotspot for antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and genes (ARGs), the scenario in India, one of the biggest consumers of antibiotics, remains poorly described. In this study, we used metagenomic sequencing to characterize ARGs and biocide/metal resistance genes (BMRGs) in four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Jaipur City of India. We observed a significantly lower richness and abundance of ARGs in the influent of a WWTP exclusively receiving hospital wastewater when compared to other three WWTPs involving municipal wastewater treatment. Several tetracycline and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin resistance genes were enriched in influents of these three municipal wastewater-related treatment plants, whereas hospital wastewater had a higher abundance of genes conferring resistance to disinfectant-related compounds such as synergize and wex-cide-128, reflecting the patterns of antibiotic/disinfectant use. Of note, in the wastewater system with more chemicals, there was a strong correlation between the numbers of ARGs and BMRGs potentially harbored by common hosts. Our study highlights significant influxes of ARGs from non-hospital sources in Jaipur City, and thus more attention should be paid on the emergence of ARGs in general communities.
- Subjects :
- biocide/metal resistance genes
Microbiology (medical)
Biocide
antibiotic resistance
Tetracycline
business.industry
Disinfectant
Biology
biology.organism_classification
Microbiology
QR1-502
municipal wastewater
Biotechnology
antibiotic resistance genes
Antibiotic resistance
Wastewater
Metagenomics
medicine
hospital wastewater
Sewage treatment
business
Bacteria
Original Research
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1664302X
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in Microbiology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....8281448ba9e873ea3a2cacc9c5f869b7
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.712843