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Subcellular localization of peptidylarginine deiminase 2 and citrullinated proteins in brains of scrapie-infected mice: nuclear localization of PAD2 and membrane fraction-enriched citrullinated proteins
- Source :
- Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology. 70(2)
- Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) and citrullinated proteins have emerged as key molecules in various human diseases, but detailed subcellular localizations of PAD2 and citrullinated proteins are poorly mapped in brain under normal and pathologic conditions. We performed subcellular fractionation and electron microscopic analysis using brains of normal and scrapie-infected mice. Peptidylarginine deiminase 2 was abundantly present in cytosol and weakly in microsomal and mitochondrial fractions and expression in these fractions was higher in brains of scrapie-infected mice. Despite relatively low PAD2 expression, in microsomal and mitochondrial fractions, citrullinated proteins were present at high levels in these fractions in scrapie-infected brains. Surprisingly, increased PAD2 expression and accumulated citrullinated proteins were also found in nuclear fractions in scrapie-infected brains. By electron microscopy, PAD2 and citrullinated proteins in scrapie-infected brains were widely distributed in most cellular compartments including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, glial filaments, nuclei, and Golgi apparatus in astrocytes and hippocampal neurons. Taken together, we report for the first time the nuclear localization of PAD2 and the detailed subcellular localization of PAD2 and of citrullinated proteins in scrapie-infected brains. Our findings suggest that different subcellular compartmentalization of PAD2 and citrullinated proteins may have different physiological roles in normal and neurodegenerative conditions.
- Subjects :
- Hydrolases
Blotting, Western
Nerve Tissue Proteins
Mitochondrion
Biology
Transfection
Hippocampus
Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
symbols.namesake
Mice
Cell Line, Tumor
Protein-Arginine Deiminase Type 2
Animals
Humans
Microscopy, Immunoelectron
Cellular compartment
Cells, Cultured
Brain Chemistry
Neurons
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cell Membrane
Nuclear Proteins
General Medicine
Golgi apparatus
Subcellular localization
Immunohistochemistry
Blot
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Cytosol
Neurology
Biochemistry
Astrocytes
symbols
Protein-Arginine Deiminases
Citrulline
Neurology (clinical)
Nuclear localization sequence
Scrapie
Subcellular Fractions
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15546578
- Volume :
- 70
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....826f7545080577fc9b9eeccc15b2f4b2