Timing of surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates?

A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 115 preterm neonates who underwent patent ductus arteriosus ligation after failure of medical treatment, at Chiang Mai University Hospital between January 2003 and December 2010. Two groups were defined: an early surgery group (39.1%) treated with surgical closure within 21 days, and a late surgery group (60.9%) operated on >21 days after birth. There were significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of weight at surgery, birth weight, duration of intubation, ductal size, and preoperative indomethacin usage. The early surgery group had a longer intensive care unit stay, but differences in postoperative chronic lung disease, ductal size, and surfactant use were not significant. Babies with a low birth weight (