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Role of Oxygen Supply in Macrophages in a Model of Simulated Orthodontic Tooth Movement
- Source :
- Mediators of Inflammation, Vol 2020 (2020), Mediators of Inflammation
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Hindawi, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Apart from periodontal ligament fibroblasts, immune cells like macrophages also play an important mediating role in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Upon orthodontic force application to malpositioned teeth, macrophages in the periodontal ligament get exposed to both mechanical strain and hypoxic conditions (via a compression of blood vessels). In this study, we assessed the relative impact of orthodontically induced mechanical strain and hypoxic conditions on macrophages for the mediation and regulation of OTM. Macrophages were stimulated with physiological orthodontic compressive forces of 2 g/cm(2) for 4 h and 24 h on gas-impermeable or gas-permeable cell culture plates under normoxic or hypoxic cell culture conditions. We quantified expression of genes involved in inflammation (Tnf,Il-6, andCox-2), extracellular remodelling (Mmp-9), and angiogenesis (Vegf) by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, we analysed HIF-1 alpha, prostaglandin-E2, and VEGF protein expression via immunoblotting or ELISA. Mechanical strain and oxygen supply both differentially affected expression of genes and proteins involved in inflammation and angiogenesis. In this context, we found that HIF-1 alpha protein levels were elevated by combined mechanical strain and hypoxic conditions, whereas gas-permeable plates providing sufficient oxygen supply prevented HIF-1 alpha stabilization at the protein level after pressure application on macrophages. Our results thus indicate that macrophages involved in the mediation of OTM are affected by and respond differently to hypoxic conditions and mechanical compressive strain, which occur concomitantly during OTM, than periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF), thus indicating different roles of these cells in the regulation of OTM at the cellular-molecular level. We further observed that contrary to PDLF HIF-1 alpha stabilization in macrophages is rather induced via the decreased oxygen supply associated with OTM than via mechanotransduction by mechanical strain.
- Subjects :
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
ddc:610
DNA, Complementary
Article Subject
Interleukin-6
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Macrophages
Immunoblotting
610 Medizin
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Cell Hypoxia
Mice
RAW 264.7 Cells
Pathology
Animals
RB1-214
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 09629351
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Mediators of Inflammation
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....804f0911573d72e004cb44db162b89a3
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5802435