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Cognitive enhancement therapy for adult autism spectrum disorder: Results of an 18‐month randomized clinical trial
- Source :
- Autism Research. 11:519-530
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2017.
-
Abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Cognitive remediation is a promising approach to treating core cognitive deficits in adults with autism, but rigorously controlled trials of comprehensive interventions that target both social and non-social cognition over a sufficient period of time to impact functioning are lacking. This study examined the efficacy of Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET) for improving core cognitive and employment outcomes in adult autism. METHOD: Verbal adult outpatients with autism spectrum disorder (N = 54) were randomized to an 18-month, single-blind trial of CET, a cognitive remediation approach that integrates computer-based neurocognitive training with group-based training in social cognition, or an active Enriched Supportive Therapy (EST) comparison focused on psychoeducation and condition management. Primary outcomes were composite indexes of neurocognitive and social-cognitive change. Competitive employment was a secondary outcome. RESULTS: Intent-to-treat analyses indicated that CET produced significant differential increases in neurocognitive function relative to EST (d = .46, P = .013). Both CET and EST were associated with large social-cognitive improvements, with CET demonstrating an advantage at 9 (d = .58, p = .020), but not 18 months (d = .27, p = .298). Effects on employment indicated that participants treated with CET were significantly more likely to gain competitive employment than those in EST, OR = 6.21, p = .023, which was mediated by cognitive improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive Enhancement Therapy is a feasible and potentially effective treatment for core cognitive deficits in adult autism spectrum disorder. The treatment of cognitive impairments in this population can contribute to meaningful improvements in adult outcomes. LAY SUMMARY: Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET), an 18-month cognitive remediation intervention designed to improve thinking and social understanding, was found to be more effective than supportive therapy at improving mental quickness, attention, and employment in adults living with autism. Social understanding was equally improved in CET and supportive therapy. Cognitive remediation interventions are feasible and may confer significant functional benefits to adults with autism. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00902798
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Adolescent
Psychometrics
Autism Spectrum Disorder
medicine.medical_treatment
Population
Neuropsychological Tests
Article
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Cognition
0302 clinical medicine
Social cognition
medicine
Psychoeducation
Humans
Single-Blind Method
education
Genetics (clinical)
education.field_of_study
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
General Neuroscience
Reproducibility of Results
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
030227 psychiatry
Treatment Outcome
Autism spectrum disorder
Cognitive remediation therapy
Autism
Female
Neurology (clinical)
Cognition Disorders
Psychology
Neurocognitive
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Clinical psychology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19393806 and 19393792
- Volume :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Autism Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....802c1e4fe89d7f0c480f3726e39bd272