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Reduced Occurrence of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Chinese Infants Fed Minimally Processed Commercially Available Formula: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
- Source :
- Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, Vol 2020 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Hindawi Limited, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Healthy Chinese infants consuming one of four commercially available infant formulas (IF) were assessed on the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with suboptimal digestion of processed milk proteins. The IF differed in blocked lysine (BL) levels, a proxy indicator of heat processing as well as the nutritional quality of milk. A cross-sectional, observational study of one week was conducted in healthy, term, exclusively formula-fed Chinese infants (n = 452) fed with one of four commercially available IF (IF An = 106, BL 9%; IF Bn = 119, BL 12%; IF Cn = 113, BL 11%; IFD n = 114 BL 20%). Parents/caretakers were requested to report feeding quantity, gastrointestinal symptoms, crying behavior, and stool characteristics daily using subject dairy and Amsterdam Infant Stool Scale (AISS). Infants fed with IF A reported less “hard” and “watery” stools and more “soft/formed” stools. Higher percentages of score I (yellow/golden) or II (orange) and less green (score III) coloured stools were noted for IF A-fed infants compared to all other formulas according to AISS. Night time crying was also significantly lower in the IF A groups compared to all other formulas. Furthermore, a higher percentage of parents/caretakers of IF A-fed infants reported absence or no complaints of abdominal distension, burping, flatulence, diarrhea, and constipation. Results suggest lower occurrence of GI symptoms and lower crying time at night in infants fed with minimally processed formula (indexed by BL levels). Future studies are required to confirm the association between minimal processing of milk formula and improved gut comfort in healthy infants.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
RC620-627
Constipation
Article Subject
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Nutritional quality
Gastroenterology
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Internal medicine
medicine
Burping
Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases
Nutrition and Dietetics
Crying
business.industry
0402 animal and dairy science
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
Abdominal distension
040201 dairy & animal science
Diarrhea
030211 gastroenterology & hepatology
Observational study
medicine.symptom
business
Flatulence
Research Article
Food Science
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20900732 and 20900724
- Volume :
- 2020
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7f73e6cb9ab87831c7c8c01a78dbfdb6