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Comparing the Impacts of Sediment‐Spiked Cadmium on Chironomidae Larvae in Laboratory Bioassays and Field Microcosms and the Implications for Field Validation of Site‐Specific Threshold Concentrations
- Source :
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 40:2450-2462
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Information on the effects of pollutants in sediments at an ecosystem level to validate current and proposed risk-assessment procedures is scarce. The most frequent criticism of these procedures is that responses of surrogate species in the laboratory are not representative of responses of natural populations. A tiered approach using both laboratory and microcosm exposures (96-h and 21-d laboratory bioassays and a 3-mo field microcosm) was conducted to compare the impacts of sediment-spiked cadmium on the mortality, development, and abundance of Chironomidae larvae. The 96-h and 21-d lethal concentrations of sediment-spiked Cd to 50% of the species Chironomus riparius were estimated to be 201.07 and 172.66 mg/kg, respectively. In the 21-d laboratory bioassay, the endpoints, including the development rate and emergence ratio, were compared, and the lowest-observed-effect concentration (LOEC) values were 325.8 and 10.7 mg/kg, respectively. The abundance, richness, and biomass of field-collected larvae were compared among the different treatments in the field microcosm, and it was found that the order of sensitivities using different endpoints was biomass (2.6/5.2 mg/kg of no-observed-effect concentration/LOEC) > diversity (10.7/21.2 mg/kg) > abundance (41.2/82.7 mg/kg). The toxicity values based on lethal/sublethal changes in the laboratory bioassays might not fully protect field organisms against damage from chemicals, such as Cd, unless an assessment factor of 5 is used. These findings highlight the need to conduct field validation of criteria/guidelines before they are introduced to protect organisms/ecosystems in the field and provide a preliminary template for future field validation of criteria elsewhere. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2450-2462. © 2021 SETAC.
- Subjects :
- Geologic Sediments
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species
chemistry.chemical_element
Chironomidae
Abundance (ecology)
Animals
Environmental Chemistry
Bioassay
Ecosystem
Chironomus riparius
Pollutant
Biomass (ecology)
Cadmium
biology
ved/biology
biology.organism_classification
chemistry
Larva
Environmental chemistry
Environmental science
Biological Assay
Microcosm
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15528618 and 07307268
- Volume :
- 40
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7f1f76d41f0cdeb9940a0672afacaab5