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Malaria morbidity in high and seasonal malaria transmission area of Burkina Faso
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 1, p e50036 (2013), PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2013
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2013.
-
Abstract
- Background Malariometric parameters are often primary endpoints of efficacy trials of malaria vaccine candidates. This study aims to describe the epidemiology of malaria prior to the conduct of a series of drug and vaccine trials in a rural area of Burkina Faso. Methods Malaria incidence was prospectively evaluated over one year follow-up among two cohorts of children aged 0–5 years living in the Saponé health district. The parents of 1089 children comprising a passive case detection cohort were encouraged to seek care from the local health clinic at any time their child felt sick. Among this cohort, 555 children were randomly selected for inclusion in an active surveillance sub-cohort evaluated for clinical malaria during twice weekly home visits. Malaria prevalence was evaluated by cross-sectional survey during the low and high transmission seasons. Results Number of episodes per child ranged from 0 to 6 per year. Cumulative incidence was 67.4% in the passive and 86.2% in the active cohort and was highest among children 0–1 years. Clinical malaria prevalence was 9.8% in the low and 13.0% in the high season (p>0.05). Median days to first malaria episode ranged from 187 (95% CI 180–193) among children 0–1 years to 228 (95% CI 212, 242) among children 4–5 years. The alternative parasite thresholds for the malaria case definition that achieved optimal sensitivity and specificity (70–80%) were 3150 parasites/µl in the high and 1350 parasites/µl in the low season. Conclusion Clinical malaria burden was highest among the youngest age group children, who may represent the most appropriate target population for malaria vaccine candidate development. The pyrogenic threshold of parasitaemia varied markedly by season, suggesting a value for alternative parasitaemia levels in the malaria case defintion. Regional epidemiology of malaria described, Sapone area field centers are positioned for future conduct of malaria vaccine trials.
- Subjects :
- Male
Pediatrics
Endemic Diseases
Cross-sectional study
Epidemiology
lcsh:Medicine
Parasitemia
Parasite Load
Cohort Studies
Prevalence
Prospective Studies
Malaria, Falciparum
lcsh:Science
health care economics and organizations
Multidisciplinary
Malaria vaccine
Incidence (epidemiology)
Incidence
Vaccination
Plasmodium Falciparum
Infectious Diseases
Child, Preschool
population characteristics
Medicine
Female
Seasons
geographic locations
Cohort study
Research Article
medicine.medical_specialty
Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Environmental health
Vaccine Development
Burkina Faso
parasitic diseases
medicine
Parasitic Diseases
Humans
business.industry
lcsh:R
Immunity
Infant, Newborn
Tropical Diseases (Non-Neglected)
Infant
medicine.disease
Malaria
Cross-Sectional Studies
Clinical Immunology
lcsh:Q
Rural area
Morbidity
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 8
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7d51347237d454e2cabe5c80dbd514d9