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Skeletal muscle as a gene regulatory endocrine organ
- Source :
- Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care. 19:270-275
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2016.
-
Abstract
- Purpose of review Skeletal muscle is gaining increased attention as an endocrine organ. Recently, novel myokines and new effects of already established myokines have been identified. The objective of this review is to give an update on the recent advances in the field. Recent findings Several hundred putative myokines have been described, some of which are induced by contraction and differentially regulated between healthy and metabolically diseased individuals. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is the prototype myokine, which was identified as a muscle-derived cytokine 15 years ago. Recently, IL-6 has been linked to β-cell survival and inhibition of cancer-cell growth. Moreover, trans-signaling appears to determine whether IL-6 acts as a proinflammatory or an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Irisin has been shown to be a secreted myokine, which contribute to circulating concentrations dependent on training status. IL-15 has been established as a cytokine mediating cross-talk between skeletal muscle and skin tissue, and decorin has been characterized as a contraction-induced myokine which apparently is differentially regulated between healthy and dysglycemic individuals. Summary Skeletal muscle is an endocrine organ which, by the release of myokines, may influence metabolism in virtually all organs in the body. This knowledge may potentially open up for the possibility of designing new drugs that mimic the effects of myokine signaling.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
Decorin
medicine.medical_treatment
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Endocrine System
Biology
Endocrine System Diseases
Proinflammatory cytokine
03 medical and health sciences
Internal medicine
Myokine
medicine
Animals
Humans
Endocrine system
Healthy Lifestyle
Muscle, Skeletal
Exercise
Gene
Regulation of gene expression
Nutrition and Dietetics
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Skeletal muscle
030104 developmental biology
Cytokine
medicine.anatomical_structure
Endocrinology
Cytokines
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 13631950
- Volume :
- 19
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7d4c1a67fe16207708ab589385e301e4