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What is the effect of bodily illusions on corticomotoneuronal excitability? A systematic review
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 8, p e0219754 (2019), PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2019.
-
Abstract
- BackgroundThis systematic review aimed to summarise and critically appraise the evidence for the effect of bodily illusions on corticomotoneuronal excitability.MethodsFive databases were searched, with two independent reviewers completing study inclusion, risk of bias, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) reporting quality, and data extraction. Included studies evaluated the effect of an illusion that altered perception of the body (and/or its movement) on excitability of motor circuitry in healthy, adult, human participants. Studies were required to: use TMS to measure excitability and/or inhibition; report quantitative outcomes (e.g., motor evoked potentials); compare the illusion to a control or active comparison condition; evaluate that an illusion had occurred (e.g., measured illusion strength/presence).ResultsOf 2,257 studies identified, 11 studies (14 experiments) were included, evaluating kinaesthetic illusions (n = 5), a rubber hand illusion (RHI) paradigm (n = 5), and a missing limb illusion (n = 1). Kinaesthetic illusions (induced via vision/tendon vibration) increased corticomotoneuronal excitability. Conflicting effects were found for traditional, visuotactile RHIs of a static hand. However, embodying a hand and then observing it move ("self-action") resulted in decreased corticomotoneuronal excitability and increased silent period duration (a measure of Gamma-Aminobutynic acid [GABA]B-mediated intracortical inhibition in motor cortex), with the opposite occurring (increased excitability, decreased inhibition) when the fake hand was not embodied prior to observing movement ("other-action"). Visuomotor illusions manipulating agency had conflicting results, but in the lower risk study, illusory agency over movement resulted in a relative decrease in corticomotoneuronal excitability. Last, an illusion of a missing limb reduced corticomotoneuronal excitability.ConclusionWhile evidence for the effect of bodily illusions on corticomotoneuronal excitability was limited (only 14 experiments) and had a high risk of bias, kinaesthetic illusions and illusions of embodying a hand (and seeing it move), had consistent effects. Future investigations into the role of embodiment and the illusion strength on corticomotoneuronal excitability and inhibition are warranted.
- Subjects :
- Missing limb
Vision
Polymers
Physiology
medicine.medical_treatment
Social Sciences
Hands
Audiology
Tendons
0302 clinical medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Psychology
illusions
Musculoskeletal System
Materials
media_common
Motor Neurons
Brain Mapping
Multidisciplinary
Physics
05 social sciences
Motor Cortex
Classical Mechanics
Tendon vibration
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Illusions
Electrophysiology
Arms
Chemistry
Bioassays and Physiological Analysis
medicine.anatomical_structure
Macromolecules
Elastomers
Brain Electrophysiology
Connective Tissue
Physical Sciences
Medicine
Sensory Perception
Anatomy
Research Article
Motor cortex
medicine.medical_specialty
Science
media_common.quotation_subject
Materials Science
Illusion
Neurophysiology
Research and Analysis Methods
Vibration
050105 experimental psychology
03 medical and health sciences
Perception
neural changes
medicine
Humans
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Transcranial Stimulation
neurophysiological regulation
Electrophysiological Techniques
Biology and Life Sciences
Polymer Chemistry
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
Biological Tissue
Body Limbs
Intracortical inhibition
Silent period
Rubber
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Neuroscience
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 14
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLOS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7d0bad9210ba43d843fed7ba026f9b37