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Modeling acute toxicity of metal mixtures to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using the biotic ligand model-based toxic units method
- Source :
- Scientific Reports, Scientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2017), SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2017.
-
Abstract
- The combined toxic effects of copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co) were predicted using the biotic ligand model (BLM) for different concentrations of magnesium (Mg2+) and pH levels, with parameters derived from Cu-only and Co-only toxicity data. The BLM-based toxic unit (TU) approach was used for prediction. Higher activities of Mg2+ linearly increased the EC50 of Cu and Co, supporting the concept of competitive binding of Mg2+ and metal ions in toxic action. The effects of pH on Cu and Co toxicity were related not only to free Cu2+ and Co2+ activity, respectively, but also to inorganic metal complexes. Stability constants for the binding of Cu2+, CuHCO3+, CuCO3(aq), CuOH+, Mg2+, Co2+, CoHCO3+ and Mg2+ with biotic ligands were logKCuBL 5.87, $$\mathrm{log}\,{K}_{{{\rm{CuHCO}}}_{3}{\rm{BL}}}$$ log K CuHCO 3 BL 5.67, $$\mathrm{log}\,{K}_{{{\rm{CuCO}}}_{3}{\rm{BL}}}$$ log K CuCO 3 BL 5.44, logKCuOHBL 5.07, logKMgBL 2.93, logKCoBL 4.72, $$\mathrm{log}\,{K}_{{{\rm{CoHCO}}}_{3}{\rm{BL}}}$$ log K CoHCO 3 BL 5.81 and logKMgBL 3.84, respectively. The combinations of Cu and Co showed additive effects under different conditions. When compared with the FIAM-based TU model (root mean square error [RMSE = 16.31, R2 = 0.84]), the BLM-based TU model fitted the observed effects better (RMSE = 6.70, R2 = 0.97). The present study supports the BLM principles, which indicate that metal speciation and major cations competition need to be accounted for when predicting toxicity of both single metals and mixtures of metals.
- Subjects :
- Metal ions in aqueous solution
Daphnia magna
0211 other engineering and technologies
lcsh:Medicine
chemistry.chemical_element
02 engineering and technology
magnesium
010501 environmental sciences
Ligands
Models, Biological
Plant Roots
01 natural sciences
Article
soil
Toxicology
Metal
nickel
natural waters
Cations
Magnesium
lcsh:Science
Triticum
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Barley root elongation
021110 strategic, defence & security studies
calcium
Multidisciplinary
lcsh:R
Biotic Ligand Model
Biology and Life Sciences
Cobalt
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
cobalt
Copper
hordeum-vulgare
Nickel
Crystallography
chemistry
Earth and Environmental Sciences
visual_art
acute copper toxicity
visual_art.visual_art_medium
lcsh:Q
Hordeum vulgare
Edible Grain
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20452322
- Volume :
- 7
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Scientific Reports
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....79d25dc42d409e25878181dc9624f70f