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Association Between Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase, Total Bilirubin and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Chinese Women
- Source :
- Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 12 (2021), Frontiers in Immunology
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Frontiers Media SA, 2021.
-
Abstract
- BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) affects many organs and systems of the human organism, at present, its specific pathogenesis is not completely clear, but inflammation is considered to be an important factor involved in the pathogenesis and progression of SLE. Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and total bilirubin (TBIL) have different effects on inflammation: GGT has pro-inflammatory effects, on the contrary, TBIL has anti-inflammatory effects. Study has found that GGT and TBIL play opposite roles in metabolic diseases. However, the roles of them in SLE are unknown. Meanwhile, the relationship between GGT and SLE also remains unexplored.MethodWe recruited 341 SLE patients and 332 healthy individuals in Liaocheng People’s Hospital from August 2018 to May 2019. We diagnosed SLE using 2019 revised American College of Rheumatology (ACR) SLE criteria, and modeled the study outcomes using logistic regression to explore the respective relationship between GGT, TBIL and SLE. We also analyzed the interaction of GGT and TBIL in the progression of SLE.ResultsWe found that the levels of CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α in the aggravated group were significantly higher than those in the unaggravated group, the levels of C3 and C4 in the aggravated group were significantly lower than those in the unaggravated group. According to Spearman correlation analysis, GGT is proportional to CRP (rs=0.417) and IL-6 (rs=0.412), inversely proportional to C3 (rs=-0.177) and C4 (rs=0.-132). TBIL was inversely proportional to CRP (rs=-0.328) and TNF(rs=-0.360), and positively proportional to C3 (rs=0.174) and C4 (rs=0.172). In the fully adjusted model, compared to the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of GGT exhibited a positive association with the risk of SLE aggravation (OR=2.99, 95% CI: 1.42–6.31, PPP for interaction COMBINED=0.711) of high GGT level and TBIL were higher than their respective values (AUCGGT=0.612, AUCTBIL=0.614).ConclusionWe found that the effects of GGT and TBIL in the progression of SLE are opposite. High GGT level might be a risk factor for SLE aggravation, as GGT levels increased, so did the risk of SLE aggravation. At the same time, we found that low TBIL level might be a risk factor for SLE aggravation. Moreover, high GGT level and low TBIL level had a subadditive effect on the increased risk of SLE aggravation.
- Subjects :
- 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Logistic regression
Severity of Illness Index
Gastroenterology
Pathogenesis
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
systemic lupus erythematosus
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
Immunology and Allergy
skin and connective tissue diseases
Original Research
gamma-Glutamyltransferase
Middle Aged
total bilirubin
Prognosis
Quartile
Disease Progression
Cytokines
Female
Inflammation Mediators
Adult
China
medicine.medical_specialty
Bilirubin
case-control study
Immunology
digestive system
female population
03 medical and health sciences
Sex Factors
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
Risk factor
030203 arthritis & rheumatology
business.industry
diagnostic marker
Case-control study
RC581-607
Rheumatology
digestive system diseases
ROC Curve
chemistry
Case-Control Studies
gamma-glutamyl transferase
Immunologic diseases. Allergy
business
Biomarkers
TBIL
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 16643224
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....791cf7f9034dcbf3bd003181bbca7872
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.682400