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Dimensions of impulsive behavior: Predicting contingency management treatment outcomes for adolescent smokers

Authors :
Arit M. Harvanko
Stacey A. Slone
Brady Reynolds
Brent J. Shelton
Justin C. Strickland
Source :
Addictive Behaviors. 90:334-340
Publication Year :
2019
Publisher :
Elsevier BV, 2019.

Abstract

Background Behavioral measures of impulsive behavior include the dimensions of behavioral disinhibition, decision-making, and lapses of attention. These behaviors are associated with a range of risky activities during adolescence, including cigarette smoking; however, few studies have evaluated their associations with tobacco treatment outcomes. The current study examined the relationship between impulsive behavior and contingency management treatment outcomes for adolescent smokers. Methods Data from two contingency management smoking cessation trials were combined (N = 189 adolescents). Participants provided breath carbon monoxide (CO) samples with incentives delivered contingent (i.e., active treatment [AT] condition) or non-contingent (i.e., control treatment [CT] condition) on CO level. Dimensions of impulsive behavior were assessed pre- and post-treatment using the Go/Stop Task, a measure of delay discounting, a continuous performance task, while self-reported impulsivity was assessed with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-Adolescent. Relationships between impulsive behavior and treatment outcomes (efficacy and adherence) were assessed using linear mixed effects models. Results Participants in the AT condition had significantly lower program CO levels at each treatment phase. Delay discounting in the AT condition predicted CO levels, with those discounting the most lowering their breath CO levels the least. Delay discounting also predicted program adherence across both conditions. Conclusions Delay discounting may be the most relevant dimension of impulsive behavior to predict outcomes for adolescent smokers completing CM programs, both in terms of successful reductions in smoking and program adherence. Suggestions are made to reduce the effects of delay discounting for adolescent smokers using this treatment approach.

Details

ISSN :
03064603
Volume :
90
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Addictive Behaviors
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....7883d23709a72ce80ab147f3fc13da8d
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.11.031