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Male breast cancer: a disease distinct from female breast cancer
- Source :
- Breast Cancer Res Treat
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2018.
-
Abstract
- Male breast cancer (BC) is rare, representing approximately 1% of cancers that occur in men and approximately 1% of all BCs worldwide. Because male BC is rare, not much is known about the disease, and treatment recommendations are typically extrapolated from data available from clinical trials enrolling female BC patients. We review the epidemiology, risk factors, prognosis, and the varied molecular and clinicopathologic features that characterize male BC. In addition, we summarize the available data for the use of systemic therapy in the treatment of male BC and explore the ongoing development of targeted therapeutic agents for the treatment of this subgroup of BCs. There are important biological differences between male and female BC. Male BC is almost exclusively hormone receptor positive (+), including the androgen receptor (AR), and is associated with an increased prevalence of BRCA2 germline mutations, especially in men with increased risk for developing high-risk BC. Additional research is warranted to better characterize male BC. To accomplish this, a multi-national consortium approach, such as the International Male Breast Cancer Program, is needed in response to the scarcity of patients. This approach allows the pooling of information from a large number of men with BC and the creation of registries for future therapeutic-focused clinical trials. Given the unique biology of BC in men, promising new therapeutic targets are currently under investigation, including the use of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors or AR-targeted agents either as monotherapy or in combination with other agents.
- Subjects :
- Male
0301 basic medicine
Oncology
Cancer Research
medicine.medical_specialty
Anti-Androgen
Antineoplastic Agents
Breast Neoplasms
Disease
Article
Breast Neoplasms, Male
Epigenesis, Genetic
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Germline mutation
Breast cancer
Internal medicine
Epidemiology
medicine
Humans
Clinical Trials as Topic
business.industry
medicine.disease
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Clinical trial
Androgen receptor
030104 developmental biology
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Male breast cancer
Female
business
SEER Program
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15737217 and 01676806
- Volume :
- 173
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....785bd66c6531a39e846515f81c726064