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Dietary Whey Protein Supplementation Increases Immunoglobulin G Production by Affecting Helper T Cell Populations after Antigen Exposure
- Source :
- Foods, Vol 10, Iss 194, p 194 (2021), Foods, Volume 10, Issue 1
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Whey protein is a by-product of cheese and casein manufacturing processes. It contains highly bioactive molecules, such as epidermal growth factor, colony-stimulating factor, transforming growth factor-&alpha<br />and -&beta<br />insulin-like growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor. Effects of whey protein on immune responses after antigen (hemagglutinin peptide) injection were evaluated in rats. Experimental diets were formulated based on NIH-31M and supplemented with 1% amino acids mixture (CON) or 1% whey protein concentrate (WPC) to generate isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets. Rats were fed the experimental diets for two weeks and then exposed to antigen two times (Days 0 and 14). Blood was collected on Days 0, 7, 14, and 21 for hematological analysis. The WPC group showed decreased IgA and cytotoxic T cells before the antigen injection (Day 0) but increased IgG, IL-2, and IL-4 after antigen injection due to increased B cells and T cells. Helper T cells were increased at Days 14 and 21, but cytotoxic T cells were not affected by WPC. WPC may activate adaptive immunity (IgG) against antigen by modulating helper T cells. Bioactive molecules might contribute to the immune-enhancing effects of whey protein concentrate.
- Subjects :
- Whey protein
Health (social science)
animal structures
030309 nutrition & dietetics
medicine.medical_treatment
T cell
Plant Science
lcsh:Chemical technology
Health Professions (miscellaneous)
Microbiology
Immunoglobulin G
Article
03 medical and health sciences
Immune system
Antigen
medicine
Cytotoxic T cell
rat
lcsh:TP1-1185
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
biology
integumentary system
Chemistry
Growth factor
Acquired immune system
Molecular biology
immunity
medicine.anatomical_structure
biology.protein
whey protein concentrate
Food Science
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 23048158
- Volume :
- 10
- Issue :
- 194
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Foods
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7799d8792cb341b37df6c3768f9b762e