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Phytochemical Analysis, Biological Activity, and Secretory Structures ofStachys annua(L.) L. subsp.annua(Lamiaceae) from Central Italy
- Source :
- Chemistry & Biodiversity. 12:1172-1183
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2015.
-
Abstract
- Stachys annua subsp. annua, well-known in central Italy as 'stregona annuale', is an annual, small, slightly-scented herb, commonly found in fields and uncultivated areas in almost all regions of Italy. In folk medicine, its aerial parts were used as anti-catarrhal, febrifuge, tonic, and vulnerary. In the present work, the chemical composition of the flowering aerial parts was studied. The hydrodistilled volatile oil, analysed by GC/MS, showed sesquiterpenoids as the major fraction (42.5%); phytol (9.8%), germacrene D (9.2%), and spathulenol (8.5%) were the most abundant constituents. The volatile oil was assayed for antioxidant and cytotoxic activity by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and MTT methods. The cytotoxicity results against HCT116, A375, and MDA-MB 231 human tumor cell lines were significant, with IC50 values of 23.5, 37.2, and 41.5 μg/ml, respectively, whereas the antioxidant power was negligible. The EtOH extract was composed mainly of three glycosidic flavonoids, namely 7-{[2-O-(6-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy}-5,8-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (1), 7-{[6-O-acetyl-2-O-(6-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy}-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,8-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (2), and 7-{[6-O-acetyl-2-O-(β-D-allopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy}-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-5,8-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (3). On the contrary, iridoids, considered chemotaxonomic markers of the genus Stachys, were absent in this species. Finally, the morphological and histochemical survey showed that glandular trichomes were composed of two main types, i.e. peltate type A and capitate types B and C giving positive response for both lipids and polyphenols.
- Subjects :
- food.ingredient
DPPH
Bioengineering
Flowers
Biochemistry
Antioxidants
Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane
chemistry.chemical_compound
Phytol
food
Cell Line, Tumor
Neoplasms
Botany
Oils, Volatile
Humans
Plant Oils
Molecular Biology
ABTS
biology
Trichomes
General Chemistry
General Medicine
Stachys
biology.organism_classification
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
Trichome
Italy
chemistry
Phytochemical
Herb
Molecular Medicine
Lamiaceae
Sesquiterpenes
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 16121872
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Chemistry & Biodiversity
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....770d9fba9d38c92dcaf555d41663f1f8