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Biosand Filter as a Point-of-Use Water Treatment Technology: Influence of Turbidity on Microorganism Removal Efficiency
- Source :
- Water, Volume 12, Issue 8, Water, Vol 12, Iss 2302, p 2302 (2020), Repositório Institucional da UFRGS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), instacron:UFRGS
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2020.
-
Abstract
- The number of people living without access to clean water can be reduced by the implementation of point-of-use (POU) water treatment. Among POU treatment systems, the domestic biosand filter (BSF) stands out as a viable technology. However, the performance of the BSF varies with the inflow water quality characteristics, especially turbidity. In some locations, people have no choice but to treat raw water that has turbidity above recommended levels for the technology. This study aimed to measure the efficiency with which the BSF removes microorganisms from well water and from fecal-contaminated water with turbidity levels of 3, 25, and 50 NTU. Turbidity was controlled by the addition of kaolin to water. Turbidity removal varied from 88% to 99%. Reductions in total coliform (TC) and Escherichia coli ranged from 0.54&ndash<br />2.01 and 1.2&ndash<br />2.2 log removal values (LRV), respectively. The BSF that received water with a higher level of turbidity showed the greatest reduction in the concentration of microorganisms. Additional testing with water contaminated with four bacterial pure cultures showed reductions between 2.7 and 3.6 LRV. A higher reduction in microorganisms was achieved after 30&ndash<br />35 days in operation. Despite the filter&rsquo<br />s high efficiency, the filtrates still had some microorganisms, and a disinfection POU treatment could be added to increase water safety.
- Subjects :
- Turbidez
lcsh:Hydraulic engineering
Microorganism
Geography, Planning and Development
0207 environmental engineering
Qualidade da água
02 engineering and technology
010501 environmental sciences
Aquatic Science
01 natural sciences
Biochemistry
Turbidity
lcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes
lcsh:TC1-978
Point-of-use treatment
Escherichia coli
Microbiological contamination
Drinking water
Coliformes totais
Tratamento doméstico de água
Raw water
020701 environmental engineering
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Water Science and Technology
Developing world
Filtros de areia
lcsh:TD201-500
drinking water
Contamination
Produção [Água potável]
Pulp and paper industry
biosand filter
turbidity
Filter (aquarium)
Bactérias
Biosand filter
Environmental science
microbiological contamination
Water treatment
Water quality
developing world
point-of-use treatment
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20734441
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Water
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7586da948923c48bee78b8b1efe8b0c7
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/w12082302