LDL receptor but not apolipoprotein E deficiency increases diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice

The aim of this study was to determine whether phenotypes associated with type 2 diabetes are altered in dyslipidemic obese mice. C57BL/6 wild-type, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient (LDLR−/−), and apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE−/−) mice were fed a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet (diabetogenic diet), and the development of obesity, diabetes, and hypertriglyceridemia was examined. Wild-type mice became obese and developed hyperglycemia, but not hypertriglyceridemia, in response to this diet. LDLR−/− mice fed the diabetogenic diet became more obese than wild-type mice and developed severe hypertriglyceridemia and hyperleptinemia. Surprisingly, glucose levels were only modestly higher and insulin levels and insulin-to-glucose ratios were not strikingly different from those of wild-type mice. In contrast, diabetogenic diet-fed apoE−/− mice were resistant to changes in glucose and lipid homeostasis despite becoming obese. These data suggest that modifications in lipoprotein profiles associated with loss of the LDL receptor or apoE function have profound and unique consequences on susceptibility to diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetic phenotypes.