Targeting PI3Kδ: One man's meat is another man's poison

We have recently uncovered the indispensable role of phosphoinositide-3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ) at different stages of the canonical killing pathway of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). The interception of PI3Kδ−conveyed signals has been considered a valuable therapeutic strategy in oncology. However, our observations predict that the benefits of this approach may be limited by a trade-off between direct anticancer effects and an impaired ability of CTLs and NK cells to attack tumor cells.