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Niacin deficiency in rats increases the severity of ethylnitrosourea-induced anemia and leukopenia
- Source :
- The Journal of nutrition. 130(5)
- Publication Year :
- 2000
-
Abstract
- Many chemotherapeutic agents function by damaging the DNA of rapidly dividing cells, leading to side effects in the bone marrow, including anemia and leukopenia during chemotherapy and the development of secondary leukemias in the years following recovery from the original disease. We have created an animal model of alkylation-based chemotherapy, in nontumor-bearing rats, to investigate the effect of niacin deficiency on the side effects of chemotherapy [2 x 2 design, niacin-deficient (ND) vs. pair-fed (PF) control, and ethylnitrosourea (ENU) vs. vehicle control (C)]. Weanling Long-Evans rats were fed ND diet or PF niacin replete diet for 4 wk. ENU or C treatment started after 1 wk of feeding and consisted of 12 doses delivered by gavage, every other day. At 4 wk postweaning, niacin deficiency and ENU treatment ended, the rats were fed a high-quality control diet (AIN-93M) and the recovery of blood variables was monitored. ND alone decreased growth rate and caused anemia and neutrophilia. ENU treatment alone caused anemia, lymphopenia, neutropenia and an increase in circulating reticulocytes. In combination, ND and ENU treatment synergistically decreased hematocrit. ND prevented the ENU-induced increase in reticulocyte numbers observed in control rats. ND also increased the severity of ENU-induced lymphopenia. A combination of ND and ENU abolished the neutrophilia caused by ND alone. In summary, ND significantly increased the susceptibility of young Long-Evans rats to ENU-induced bone marrow suppression, suggesting that niacin-deficient cancer patients may benefit from supplementation.
- Subjects :
- Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Alkylating Agents
Anemia
medicine.medical_treatment
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Hematocrit
Pharmacology
Neutropenia
Niacin
Severity of Illness Index
Bone Marrow
Internal medicine
otorhinolaryngologic diseases
medicine
Animals
Rats, Long-Evans
Chemotherapy
Analysis of Variance
Nutrition and Dietetics
Leukopenia
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
Body Weight
medicine.disease
Neutrophilia
Diet
Rats
Endocrinology
Bone marrow suppression
Ethylnitrosourea
medicine.symptom
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00223166
- Volume :
- 130
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Journal of nutrition
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....73caa3fd30d7fda478abcf7a5d359f14