How does assessment affect learning : an example from a chemistry PhD-course in scholarly communication

Assessment of students in the learning process may have several reasons (knowledge assessment, ranking etc.). One reason presented in this article would be to use the assessment as a way to enhance learning. At Stockholm University Library, PhD-students in Chemistry annually partakes in a library course, where they have to write a mandatory essay and, from 2012, review a fellow student's essay. Comparing and discussing the former and the new ways of assessing, this article aims to discuss assessment as a way to enhance learning.