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Effect of Spaceflight on Ability of Monocytes To Respond to Endotoxins of Gram-Negative Bacteria
- Source :
- Clinical and Vaccine Immunology. 15:1523-1528
- Publication Year :
- 2008
- Publisher :
- American Society for Microbiology, 2008.
-
Abstract
- Astronauts live and work in relatively crowded, confined environments on the Space Shuttle and the International Space Station. They experience a unique set of stressors that contribute to a diminishment of many immune responses. This study investigated the ability of the shuttle crew members' monocytes to respond to gram-negative endotoxin that they could encounter during infections. Blood specimens were collected from 20 crew members and 15 control subjects 10 days before launch, 3 to 4 h after landing, and 15 days after landing and from crew members during their annual medical examination at 6 to 12 months after landing. When challenged with gram-negative endotoxin, the crew member's monocytes collected at all three time points produced lower levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β and higher levels of IL-1ra and IL-8 compared to those of control subjects. Cytokines were assessed by measuring the number of cells positive for intracellular cytokines. These values returned to normal 6 to 12 months after landing, except for IL-1ra, which was still higher (five- to sixfold) than in controls. This phenomenon was accompanied by an increased expression of Toll-like receptor 4 and decreased expression of CD14 on the crew members' monocytes at all time points. There were also increased levels of the lipopolysaccharide binding protein in the plasma of the crew members 3 to 4 h and 15 days after landing. This study shows that spaceflight-associated factors (in-flight and preflight) modulate the response of monocytes to gram-negative endotoxins.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Microbiology (medical)
Gram-negative bacteria
CD14
education
Clinical Biochemistry
Immunology
Lipopolysaccharide Receptors
Crew
Spaceflight
Monocytes
law.invention
Immune system
law
Gram-Negative Bacteria
Humans
Immunology and Allergy
Membrane Glycoproteins
biology
Acute-phase protein
Middle Aged
Space Flight
biology.organism_classification
Control subjects
Endotoxins
Toll-Like Receptor 4
biology.protein
Immune Mechanisms
Astronauts
Cytokines
Female
Carrier Proteins
Lipopolysaccharide binding protein
Acute-Phase Proteins
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1556679X and 15566811
- Volume :
- 15
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Clinical and Vaccine Immunology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....71a68a7f086bb6835f18a35475671b0b