Use of Recommended Non-surgical Knee Osteoarthritis Management in Patients prior to Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Cross-sectional Study

Objective.Our aim was to assess prior use of core recommended non-surgical treatment among patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) scheduled for total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to assess potential patient-level correlates of underuse, if found.Methods.This was a cross-sectional study of patients undergoing TKA for primary knee OA at 2 provincial central intake hip and knee clinics in Alberta, Canada. Standardized questionnaires assessed sociodemographic characteristics, social support, coexisting medical conditions, OA symptoms and coping, and previous non-surgical management. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the patient-level variables independently associated with receipt of recommended non-surgical knee OA treatment, defined as prior use of pharmacotherapy for pain, rehabilitation strategies (exercise or physiotherapy), and weight loss if overweight or obese (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2).Results.There were 1273 patients included: mean age 66.9 years (SD 8.7), 39.9% male, and 44.1% had less than post-secondary education. Recommended non-surgical knee OA treatment had been used by 59.7% of patients. In multivariable modeling, the odds of having received recommended non-surgical knee OA treatment were significantly and independently lower among individuals who were older (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.99), male (OR 0.33, 0.25–0.45), and who lacked post-secondary education (OR 0.70, 0.53–0.93).Conclusion.In a large cross-sectional analysis of knee OA patients scheduled for TKA, 40% of individuals reported having not received core recommended non-surgical treatments. Older individuals, men, and those with less education had lower odds of having used recommended non-surgical OA treatments.