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Induction of Tetraploid Male Sterile Tagetes erecta by Colchicine Treatment and Its Application for Interspecific Hybridization
- Source :
- Horticultural Plant Journal, Vol 2, Iss 5, Pp 284-292 (2016)
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2016.
-
Abstract
- Tagetes erecta is an annual multifunctional plant which can be cultivated under a broad range of climatic conditions. Polyploidization and interspecific hybridization are applied to facilitate breeding cultivars of T. erecta with improved ornamental qualities. Colchicine treatment to the germinating seeds was proved to be a useful tool for chromosome doubling of the male sterile two-type line ‘M525AB’, with the resulting frequency of polyploid seedlings ranging from 88.89% (following 0.05% w/v colchicine applied for a 3–6 h exposure period) to a maximum of 100.00% (following 0.1% for 3–6 h, or 0.2% for 3 h). Morphological observation, stomatal size and density analysis, flow cytometric analysis and chromosome counting were conducted to identify the tetraploid plants. Distinctive morphological changes were observed in a notable proportion of polyploid plants. The colchicine-treated polyploid T. erecta plants showed dwarfed and more robust growth, thicker, larger and greener leaves, larger inflorescences and florets. The mutant plants identified through morphological observation all aligned as polyploid plants, thus morphological observation could be an effective method for the detection of polyploidy. The polyploid plants had significant larger stomata size over the abaxial leaf surface, whereas the density of stomata distribution was remarkably reduced. The survival rate of tetraploid cuttings (i.e. 38%) was greatly reduced compared to that of diploid plants. The fertility of tetraploid plants was also decreased, as shown by cross-pollination yields. Interspecific hybridizations between colchicine-induced tetraploid plants of a male sterile T. erecta line and the naturally tetraploid fully fertile Tagetes patula species resulted in hybrid progeny. Most of these hybrids displayed the dwarfed growth stature and compact, larger-flower morphology which is the typical ideotype of herbaceous flowers. Thus, polyploidization may be employed effectively as a means to facilitate interspecific hybridization, thereby contributing significantly to the improvement of quantitative traits of Tagetes spp.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
interspecific hybridization
Tagetes patula
Plant Science
lcsh:Plant culture
01 natural sciences
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous)
colchicine
03 medical and health sciences
Tagetes
Polyploid
Botany
chromosome doubling
lcsh:SB1-1110
Cultivar
Tagetes erecta
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Hybrid
Ecology
biology
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
fungi
food and beverages
Herbaceous plant
biology.organism_classification
tetraploid
Horticulture
030104 developmental biology
Inflorescence
Ploidy
010606 plant biology & botany
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 24680141
- Volume :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Horticultural Plant Journal
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....70af125257f0921d811b22583b5d83e0