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Paper money and coins as potential vectors of transmissible disease
- Source :
- Future microbiology. 9(2)
- Publication Year :
- 2014
-
Abstract
- ABSTRACT: Paper currency and coins may be a public health risk when associated with the simultaneous handling of food and could lead to the spread of nosocomial infections. Banknotes recovered from hospitals may be highly contaminated by Staphylococcus aureus. Salmonella species, Escherichia coli and S. aureus are commonly isolated from banknotes from food outlets. Laboratory simulations revealed that methicillin-resistant S. aureus can easily survive on coins, whereas E. coli, Salmonella species and viruses, including human influenza virus, Norovirus, Rhinovirus, hepatitis A virus, and Rotavirus, can be transmitted through hand contact. Large-scale, 16S rRNA, metagenomic studies and culturomics have the capacity to dramatically expand the known diversity of bacteria and viruses on money and fomites. This review summarizes the latest research on the potential of paper currency and coins to serve as sources of pathogenic agents.
- Subjects :
- Microbiology (medical)
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Paper
Rotavirus
Numismatics
Salmonella
Rhinovirus
Food Handling
Orthomyxoviridae
medicine.disease_cause
Microbiology
Communicable Diseases
medicine
Disease Transmission, Infectious
Escherichia coli
Humans
Cross Infection
biology
Norovirus
Environmental exposure
Bacterial Infections
Environmental Exposure
biology.organism_classification
Virology
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Currency
Virus Diseases
Fomites
Hepatitis A virus
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17460921
- Volume :
- 9
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Future microbiology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....6f8d781b2b051b82097b46774b41bdc2