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Skeleton and musculature of the male abdomen in Tanyderidae (Diptera, Nematocera) of the Southern Hemisphere
- Source :
- ZooKeys 809: 55-77, ZooKeys, Vol 809, Iss, Pp 55-77 (2018), ZooKeys
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Pensoft Publishers, 2018.
-
Abstract
- The structure of the male terminalia and their musculature of species of tanyderid generaAraucoderusAlexander, 1929 from Chile andNothoderusAlexander, 1927 from Tasmania are examined and compared with each other and with published data on the likely relatives. The overall pattern of male terminalia of both genera is similar to those of most Southern Hemisphere genera, with simple curved gonostyli, lobe-like setose parameres, and setose cerci inconspicuous under the epandrium. Both genera have terminalia similarly rotated by 180° (and 90° as an intermediate stage); rotation may be either clockwise or counterclockwise. However, the similar patterns are realized differently: segment VIII is the decreased and asymmetrical due to completely membranose tergite VIII inNothoderus(the first record of such modification in Tanyderidae), but narrow and symmetrical inAraucoderus. Accordingly, pregenital muscles are very different between the genera. Based on localization of muscle attachment sites, the hypandrial origin of the stripe between gonocoxites is shown in both genera, and entire membranization of tergite VIII and partial membranization of hypoproct is shown inNothoderus. Tanyderidae are characterized by highly specialized sclerites and muscles of male terminalia and provide no evidence of relationship with previously studied members of Psychodidae, Blephariceridae and Ptychopteridae.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
Nematocera
Insecta
Araucoderus
Arthropoda
010607 zoology
010603 evolutionary biology
01 natural sciences
rotation
Nothoderus
Systematics
Tanyderidae
lcsh:Zoology
morphology
Muscle attachment
Animalia
lcsh:QL1-991
crane flies
Southern Hemisphere
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
biology
Ptychopteridae
World
Diptera
terminalia
Terminalia
genitalia
Anatomy
biology.organism_classification
Skeleton (computer programming)
Animal Science and Zoology
Blephariceridae
Neogene
Research Article
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 13132970 and 13132989
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- ZooKeys
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....6eb7f7e51a59826bb21d1794aa58bab7
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.809.29032