Applications of next-generation sequencing in hematologic malignancies

In the last decade, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has rapidly progressed from a research method to a core component of standard-of-care clinical testing. In oncology, tumor sequencing provides a critical tool to detect somatic driver mutations that not only characterize disease but also impact therapeutic decision-making. Here, we review the important role of NGS in the evaluation of hematopoietic neoplasms. We discusstechnical and practical considerations relevant in somatic mutation testing, emphasizing issues unique to blood cancers. Then, we describe how NGS data is being used to facilitate diagnosis, inform prognosis, guide therapy selection, and even monitor disease. This broad overview highlights the transformative impacts NGS data provides throughout the clinical course of patients with hematologic malignancies.