Interventional closure of patent foramen ovale in prevention of thromboembolic events. Consensus document of the Association of Cardiovascular Interventions and the Section of Grown‑up Congenital Heart Disease of the Polish Cardiac Society

The presence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) was found to be associated with a number of medical conditions, including embolic stroke and recurrent transient neurological defects. The closure of PFO remains controversial; however, in recently published guidelines from the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions in collaboration with 7 other European societies, which extensively refer to the latest randomized clinical trials, it is explicitly recommended to perform percutaneous PFO closure in the prevention of recurrent thromboembolic events. In connection with the above facts and expected increasing number of PFO closure procedures, the joint expert group of the Association of Cardiovascular Interventions and the Grown‑Up Congenital Heart Disease Section of the Polish Cardiac Society developed the following consensus opinion in order to standardize the principles of diagnosis, indications, methods of performing procedures, and postoperative care in relation to Polish conditions and experiences.