Back to Search
Start Over
Study on Non-Bragg Microwave Backscattering from Sea Surface Covered with and without Oil Film at Moderate Incidence Angles
- Source :
- Remote Sensing, Volume 13, Issue 13, Remote Sensing, MDPI, 2021, 13 (13), pp.2443. ⟨10.3390/rs13132443⟩, Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 2443, p 2443 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2021.
-
Abstract
- International audience; In the past decades, Bragg scattering has been considered to be an important scattering mechanism of microwave backscattering from sea surfaces. However, as reported in many recent literatures, non-Bragg scattering (which is often attributed to wave breaking) also makes a significant impact on radar scattering, especially for Horizontal–Horizontal (HH) polarized radar signals. To date, we know far less about non-Bragg scattering than Bragg scattering. Herein, this paper carries out an investigation on non-Bragg scattering and its effect on radar echoes at moderate incidence angles, both for oil-free and oil-covered sea surfaces. This paper firstly presents a systematic comparison of several sea spectra commonly used for the simulation of microwave scattering from sea surfaces. It is found that none of them perform well for the description of Bragg waves. Then, the “pure” Bragg wave spectra are inverted in the framework of the two-scale model (TSM) and geophysical model functions (GMFs). The normalized radar cross sections (NRCS) related to total scattering, non-Bragg scattering, and “pure” Bragg scattering in C, X, and Ku-bands are simulated under various conditions (i.e., incidence angles, wind speeds, and wind directions). Quantitative assessments of the relative contributions of non-Bragg scattering to total scattering are conducted. We also perform a survey on the non-Bragg scattering from the oil-covered sea surface. This article provides some new insights for a better understanding of the non-Bragg microwave scattering from rough sea surfaces at moderate incidence angles.
- Subjects :
- Surface (mathematics)
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Science
0211 other engineering and technologies
Physics::Optics
02 engineering and technology
Backscattering
Electromagnetic wave backscattering
01 natural sciences
Wind speed
Spectral line
law.invention
Optics
law
Bragg scattering
ocean remote sensing
Radar
Microwaves
021101 geological & geomatics engineering
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Electromagnetic wave scattering
non-Bragg scattering
Physics
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases
Scattering
business.industry
Surface waters
Breaking wave
Bragg's law
Wind direction
Radar cross section
microwave scattering
oil spill
General Earth and Planetary Sciences
business
[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20724292
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Remote Sensing
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....6d444b63809dfc4cf8d4e36e678bcc65
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13132443