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Early Nutrition and Risk of Type 1 Diabetes: The Role of Gut Microbiota
- Source :
- Frontiers in Nutrition, Vol 7 (2020), Frontiers in Nutrition
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Frontiers Media S.A., 2020.
-
Abstract
- Type 1 diabetes (T1D) appears most frequently in childhood, with an alarming increasing incidence in the last decades. Although the genetic predisposition is a major risk factor, it cannot solely explain the complex etiology of T1D which is still not fully understood. In this paper, we reviewed the most recent findings on the role of early nutrition and the involvement of the gut microbiota in the etiopathogenesis of T1D. The main conclusions that are withdrawn from the current literature regarding alleviating the risk of developing T1D through nutrition are the encouragement of long-term breast-feeding for at least the first 6 months of life and the avoidance of early complementary foods and gluten introduction (before 4 months of age) as well as cow milk introduction before 12 months of life. These detrimental feeding habits create a gut microbiota dysbiotic state that can contribute to the onset of T1D in infancy. Finally, we discussed the possibility to introduce probiotics, prebiotics and post-biotics in the prevention of T1D.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
endocrine system diseases
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
lcsh:TX341-641
Review
Gut flora
Cow milk
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
medicine
Genetic predisposition
Risk factor
Intensive care medicine
Nutrition
Type 1 diabetes
Nutrition and Dietetics
post-biotics
biology
gut microbiota
business.industry
Incidence (epidemiology)
nutritional and metabolic diseases
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
030104 developmental biology
probiotics
early nutrition
Etiology
T1D
business
prebiotics
lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Food Science
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Volume :
- 7
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in Nutrition
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....6d09aa82c2130c2f46ef064a3658cdf4