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Transport and programmed release of nanoscale cargo from cells by using NETosis
- Source :
- Nanoscale. 12:9104-9115
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), 2020.
-
Abstract
- Cells can take up nanoscale materials, which has important implications for understanding cellular functions, biocompatibility as well as biomedical applications. Controlled uptake, transport and triggered release of nanoscale cargo is one of the great challenges in biomedical applications of nanomaterials. Here, we study how human immune cells (neutrophilic granulocytes, neutrophils) take up nanomaterials and program them to release this cargo after a certain time period. For this purpose, we let neutrophils phagocytose DNA-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in vitro that fluoresce in the near infrared (980 nm) and serve as sensors for small molecules. Cells still migrate, follow chemical gradients and respond to inflammatory signals after uptake of the cargo. To program release, we make use of neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NETosis), a novel cell death mechanism that leads to chromatin swelling, subsequent rupture of the cellular membrane and release of the cell's whole content. By using the process of NETosis, we can program the time point of cargo release via the initial concentration of stimuli such as phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). At intermediate stimulation, cells continue to migrate, follow gradients and surface cues for around 30 minutes and up to several hundred micrometers until they stop and release the SWCNTs. The transported and released SWCNT sensors are still functional as shown by subsequent detection of the neurotransmitter dopamine and reactive oxygen species (H2O2). In summary, we hijack a biological process (NETosis) and demonstrate how neutrophils transport and release functional nanomaterials.
- Subjects :
- Lipopolysaccharides
Programmed cell death
Biocompatibility
Neutrophils
Dopamine
Cell
neutrophil extracellular traps
Biosensing Techniques
02 engineering and technology
010402 general chemistry
Extracellular Traps
01 natural sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Drug Delivery Systems
Phagocytosis
Cell Movement
medicine
Humans
General Materials Science
Cells, Cultured
chemistry.chemical_classification
Reactive oxygen species
carbon nanotubes
Nanotubes, Carbon
DNA
Neutrophil extracellular traps
tracking
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
In vitro
drug-delivery
0104 chemical sciences
Chromatin
medicine.anatomical_structure
chemistry
Phorbol
Biophysics
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
fluorescence
Reactive Oxygen Species
0210 nano-technology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20403372 and 20403364
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Nanoscale
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....6cf6181b50f424ee325d0b3f663d8d39