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A cross-reactive antibody protects against Ross River virus musculoskeletal disease despite rapid neutralization escape in mice
- Source :
- PLoS Pathogens, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e1008743 (2020), PLoS Pathogens
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2020.
-
Abstract
- Arthritogenic alphaviruses cause debilitating musculoskeletal disease and historically have circulated in distinct regions. With the global spread of chikungunya virus (CHIKV), there now is more geographic overlap, which could result in heterologous immunity affecting natural infection or vaccination. Here, we evaluated the capacity of a cross-reactive anti-CHIKV monoclonal antibody (CHK-265) to protect against disease caused by the distantly related alphavirus, Ross River virus (RRV). Although CHK-265 only moderately neutralizes RRV infection in cell culture, it limited clinical disease in mice independently of Fc effector function activity. Despite this protective phenotype, RRV escaped from CHK-265 neutralization in vivo, with resistant variants retaining pathogenic potential. Near the inoculation site, CHK-265 reduced viral burden in a type I interferon signaling-dependent manner and limited immune cell infiltration into musculoskeletal tissue. In a parallel set of experiments, purified human CHIKV immune IgG also weakly neutralized RRV, yet when transferred to mice, resulted in improved clinical outcome during RRV infection despite the emergence of resistant viruses. Overall, this study suggests that weakly cross-neutralizing antibodies can protect against heterologous alphavirus disease, even if neutralization escape occurs, through an early viral control program that tempers inflammation.<br />Author summary The induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies is a goal of many antiviral vaccine programs. In this study, we show that cross-reactive monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies developed after CHIKV infection or immunization with relatively weak cross-neutralizing activity can protect against RRV-induced musculoskeletal disease in mice. Even though RRV rapidly escaped from neutralization, antibody therapy reduced inflammation in musculoskeletal tissues and decreased viral burden near the site of infection in a manner that required type I interferon signaling. These studies in mice show that broadly reactive antibodies with limited neutralizing activity still can confer protection against heterologous alphaviruses.
- Subjects :
- Male
RNA viruses
Viral Diseases
Physiology
viruses
Receptors, Fc
Antibodies, Viral
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Biochemistry
Mice
Medical Conditions
Animal Cells
Immune Physiology
Medicine and Health Sciences
Musculoskeletal Diseases
Biology (General)
0303 health sciences
Chikungunya Virus
Immune System Proteins
Virulence
biology
Microbial Mutation
030302 biochemistry & molecular biology
virus diseases
Viral Load
Infectious Diseases
Medical Microbiology
Viral Pathogens
Viruses
Legs
Female
Pathogens
Anatomy
Cellular Types
Antibody
Viral load
Research Article
Neglected Tropical Diseases
animal structures
QH301-705.5
Alphaviruses
Immune Cells
Immunology
Alphavirus
Cross Reactions
Research and Analysis Methods
Microbiology
Antibodies
Virus
Togaviruses
03 medical and health sciences
Ross River virus
Immune system
Immunity
Virology
Genetics
medicine
Animals
Alphavirus infection
Molecular Biology Techniques
Microbial Pathogens
Molecular Biology
030304 developmental biology
Biology and life sciences
Alphavirus Infections
Organisms
Ankles
Chikungunya Infection
Proteins
Cell Biology
RC581-607
Tropical Diseases
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Antibodies, Neutralizing
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Body Limbs
biology.protein
Parasitology
Immunologic diseases. Allergy
Viral Transmission and Infection
Cloning
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15537374
- Volume :
- 16
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLOS Pathogens
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....6cf3acf781ee4408edc5dee1f8910b12