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Acquisition and Use of ‘Priors’ in Autism: Typical in Deciding Where to Look, Atypical in Deciding What Is There
- Source :
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Springer US, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are thought to under-rely on prior knowledge in perceptual decision-making. This study examined whether this applies to decisions of attention allocation, of relevance for ‘predictive-coding’ accounts of ASD. In a visual search task, a salient but task-irrelevant distractor appeared with higher probability in one display half. Individuals with ASD learned to avoid ‘attentional capture’ by distractors in the probable region as effectively as control participants—indicating typical priors for deploying attention. However, capture by a ‘surprising’ distractor at an unlikely location led to greatly slowed identification of a subsequent target at that location—indicating that individuals with ASD attempt to control surprise (unexpected attentional capture) by over-regulating parameters in post-selective decision-making. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10803-020-04828-2.
- Subjects :
- Predictive coding
Autism Spectrum Disorder
media_common.quotation_subject
050105 experimental psychology
Task (project management)
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Perception
Developmental and Educational Psychology
medicine
Reaction Time
Relevance (law)
Humans
Learning
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Attention
Autistic Disorder
Visual attention
media_common
Visual search
Original Paper
05 social sciences
medicine.disease
Identification (information)
Surprise
Knowledge
Autism spectrum disorder
Autism
Psychology
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Cognitive psychology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 15733432 and 01623257
- Volume :
- 51
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....6cec938a1b03080a05baa58a83391be5