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Pleistocene climate changes, and not agricultural spread, accounts for range expansion and admixture in the dominant grassland species Lolium perenne L

Authors :
Mathew Hegarty
Jean-Paul Sampoux
Abraham J. Escobar-Gutiérrez
Thomas Ledauphin
Hilde Muylle
Klaus J. Dehmer
José Luis Blanco-Pastor
E. Willner
Isabel Roldán-Ruiz
Tom Ruttink
Anna M. Roschanski
Stéphanie Manel
Philippe Barre
Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F)
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research
Aberystwyth University
Plant Sciences Unit
Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO)
Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)
European Project: 609398,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-COFUND,AGREENSKILLSPLUS(2014)
Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Source :
Journal of Biogeography, Journal of Biogeography, Wiley, 2019, pp.1451-1465. ⟨10.1111/jbi.13587⟩, Journal of Biogeography, 2019, 46, pp.1451-1465. ⟨10.1111/jbi.13587⟩
Publication Year :
2019
Publisher :
HAL CCSD, 2019.

Abstract

International audience; Aim: Grasslands have been pivotal in the development of herbivore breeding since the Neolithic and still represent the most widespread agricultural land use across Europe. However, it remains unclear whether the current large‐scale genetic variation of plant species found in natural grasslands of Europe is the result of human activities or natural processes. Location: Europe. Taxon: Lolium perenne L. (perennial ryegrass). Methods: We reconstructed the phylogeographic history of L. perenne, a dominant grassland species, using 481 natural populations, including 11 populations of closely related taxa. We combined Genotyping‐by‐Sequencing (GBS) and pool‐Sequencing (pool‐Seq) to obtain high‐quality allele frequency calls of ~500 k SNP loci. We performed genetic structure analyses and demographic reconstructions based on the site frequency spectrum (SFS). We additionally used the same genotyping protocol to assess the genomic diversity of a set of 32 cultivars representative of the L. perenne cultivars widely used for forage purposes. Results: Expansion across Europe took place during the Würm glaciation (12–110 kya), a cooling period that decreased the dominance of trees in favour of grasses. Splits and admixtures in L. perenne fit historical climate changes in the Mediterranean basin. The development of agriculture in Europe (7–3.5 kya), that caused an increase in the abundance of grasslands, did not have an effect on the demographic patterns of L. perenne. We found that most modern cultivars are closely related to natural diversity from north-western Europe. Thus, modern cultivars do not represent the wide genetic variation found in natural populations. Main conclusions: Demographic events in L. perenne can be explained by the changing climatic conditions during the Pleistocene. Natural populations maintain a wide genomic variability at continental scale that has been minimally exploited by recent breeding activities. This variability constitutes valuable standing genetic variation for future adaptation of grasslands to climate change, safeguarding the agricultural services they provide.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
03050270 and 13652699
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Journal of Biogeography, Journal of Biogeography, Wiley, 2019, pp.1451-1465. ⟨10.1111/jbi.13587⟩, Journal of Biogeography, 2019, 46, pp.1451-1465. ⟨10.1111/jbi.13587⟩
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....6ce584eac6ed7abdd914721c881f4b12