When to take it out? Optimal timing of interval appendectomy in 500 consecutive children

While interval appendectomy following nonoperative management of perforated appendicitis is delayed until several weeks after presentation, the optimal time from presentation to interval appendectomy is unknown.The data warehouse of a large children's hospital was queried for interval appendectomies from 2006 to 2019. Data extracted included demographics, initial and operative hospitalization details, and pathology findings. Student's t-test and logistic regression were used where appropriate.500 patients were identified with a mean age of 10 years, 53% male. Mean time to operation was 12.7 weeks. Operation prior to 12 weeks was associated with increased odds of acute inflammation on pathology (OR = 2, p 0.01). Acute inflammation was associated with increased mean operative time (101 vs 84 min, p 0.01). Presence of an appendicolith, initial hospitalization length, drain placement, readmission prior to operation, age and gender were all non-predictive of acute inflammation. Only 11% of appendices had an occluded lumen and 17% an appendicolith. Carcinoid tumors were identified in 6 patients (1.2%).Acute inflammation is found many weeks after perforation and is associated with increased operative time. Acute inflammation is more likely to be present in operations performed prior to 12 weeks.