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Cigarette smoking exposure breaks the homeostasis of cholesterol and bile acid metabolism and induces gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice with different diets
- Source :
- Toxicology. 450:152678
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Exposure of humans to second-hand smoking (SHS) increases glucose and lipid metabolic disorders. The link of hepatic metabolic dysfunction to environmental cigarette smoking has been noticed, but the related mechanism is still unclear. C57BL/6 mice with normal food diet (NFD) or high fat diet (HFD) were exposed to 15 min cigarette smoking twice a day in a 0.038 m3 box for 4 weeks, and the concentration of nicotine in the air of the box was 21.05 mg/m3 during the smoke exposure. Liver tissues and serum were collected for gene expression and biochemistry test. The fecal microbiota was also checked through 16S rDNA sequences. Cigarette smoking exposure increased the accumulation of total cholesterol (TC) in liver, and the expression of cholesterol synthesis-related genes was upregulated. The expression of CYP8B1 protein was significantly down-regulated, and the ratio of cholic acid (CA) to chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) was significantly reduced in the liver of mice exposed to cigarette smoking especially for HFD group. Cigarette smoking exposure caused insulin resistance in the liver of mice with HFD. The composition of the gut microbiota was altered with the exposure of cigarette smoking, and the change of the distribution of primary bile acids might be one of the reasons. It was concluded that cigarette smoking would break the homeostasis of cholesterol and bile acids metabolism and changed the composition of gut microbiota. Our discoveries confirmed that smoking bans are important for the public health.
- Subjects :
- Male
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
medicine.drug_class
Gut flora
Diet, High-Fat
Toxicology
Cigarette Smoking
Bile Acids and Salts
Nicotine
Mice
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Insulin resistance
Internal medicine
Chenodeoxycholic acid
medicine
Animals
Homeostasis
Inhalation Exposure
biology
Bile acid
Cholesterol
business.industry
Cholic acid
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Mice, Inbred C57BL
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
chemistry
Dysbiosis
Tobacco Smoke Pollution
business
CYP8B1
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 0300483X
- Volume :
- 450
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Toxicology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....6c91c5f2aba54e24778235b1d360bc41