The likely role of proteolytic enzymes in unwanted differentiation of stem cells in culture

Tissue engineering aims at developing the necessary technological strategies for replacement or regeneration tissues. However, the number of cells required is much greater than the number obtained from a cell source. Expanding the cells' number in cell culture for a long period is required until the necessary amount of cells is obtained. While in culture, cells often go unwanted differentiation. Little attention has been given to the use of proteolytic enzymes in cell passage. Review the importance of extracellular matrix and surface proteins for cell behavior and the possible mechanisms of cellular changes that may occur due to the use of proteolytic enzymes is an essential issue. Possible alternative to replace these enzymes in cell passage has also been developed.
Tissue engineering aims at developing strategies for tissue replacement. However, the number of cells required is much greater than the number obtained from a cell source. Expanding the cells' number in cell culture for a long period is required until the necessary amount of cells is obtained but, cells often go unwanted differentiation. Proteolytic enzymes are commonly used in culture and it might lead to such cellular changes. This article aims at reviewing the possible mechanisms of cellular changes that may occur due to the use of proteolytic enzymes and possible alternatives to replace the use of those enzymes.