Minimally invasive endoscopic decompression for anterior interosseous nerve syndrome: technical notes

Anterior interosseous nerve syndrome (Nevin–Kiloh syndrome) is a rare entity caused by compression of the purely motor anterior interosseous nerve in the forearm. Historically, conventional surgical treatment has consisted of open decompression of the nerve. Unfortunately, open decompression is often complicated by scarring and significant morbidity. Endoscopic decompression is an alternative means of surgical intervention in the hands of well-trained surgeons comfortable with soft tissue endoscopy. In this report, we review relevant anatomy, offer technical hints, and present our personal experience with 4 illustrative cases, all with greater than 1.5 years of follow-up. Our patients showed considerable improvement of their symptoms with minimal scarring. No significant complications occurred.