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Leukocyte-derived microparticles in vascular homeostasis
- Source :
- Circulation research
- Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Leukocyte-derived microparticles (LMPs) may originate from neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and lymphocytes. They express markers from their parental cells and harbor membrane and cytoplasmic proteins as well as bioactive lipids implicated in a variety of mechanisms, maintaining or disrupting vascular homeostasis. When they carry tissue factor or coagulation inhibitors, they participate in hemostasis and pathological thrombosis. Both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes can be affected by LMPs, thus ensuring an appropriate inflammatory response. LMPs also play a dual role in the endothelium by either improving the endothelial function or inducing an endothelial dysfunction. LMPs are implicated in all stages of atherosclerosis. They circulate at a high level in the bloodstream of patients with high atherothrombotic risk, such as smokers, diabetics, and subjects with obstructive sleep apnea, where their prolonged contact with the vessel wall may contribute to its overall deterioration. Numbering microparticles, including LMPs, might be useful in predicting cardiovascular events. LMPs modify the endothelial function and promote the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the vascular wall, necessary processes for the progression of the atherosclerotic lesion. In addition, LMPs favor the neovascularization within the vulnerable plaque and, in the ruptured plaque, they take part in coagulation and platelet activation. Finally, LMPs participate in angiogenesis. They might represent a novel therapeutic tool to reset the angiogenic switch in pathologies with altered angiogenesis. Additional studies are needed to further investigate the role of LMPs in cardiovascular diseases. However, large-scale studies are currently difficult to set up because microparticle measurement still requires elaborate techniques which lack standardization.
- Subjects :
- Endothelium
Physiology
Angiogenesis
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Biology
medicine.disease_cause
Proinflammatory cytokine
Neovascularization
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Cell-Derived Microparticles
medicine
Leukocytes
Animals
Homeostasis
Humans
Platelet activation
Endothelial dysfunction
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
medicine.disease
Vulnerable plaque
3. Good health
medicine.anatomical_structure
Cardiovascular Diseases
Hemostasis
Immunology
Disease Progression
Blood Vessels
medicine.symptom
Inflammation Mediators
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Subjects
Details
- Volume :
- 110
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Circulation research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....68692389f0e251177166915959f97352
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.233403