Treatment with Aqueous Extract from Croton cajucara Benth Reduces Hepatic Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats

Croton cajucaraBenth is a plant found in Amazonia, Brazil and the bark and leaf infusion of this plant have been popularly used to treat diabetes and hepatic disorders. The present study was designed to evaluate the oxidative stress as well as the therapeutic effect ofCroton cajucaraBenth (1.5 mL of theC. cajucaraextract i.g.) in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.Croton cajucaraBenth was tested as an aqueous extract for its phytochemical composition, and its antioxidant activityin vitrowas also evaluated. Lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase activities were measured in the hepatic tissue, as well as the presence activation of p65 (NF-κB), through western blot. Phytochemical screening ofCroton cajucaraBenth detected the presence of flavonoids, coumarins and alkaloids. The extract exhibited a significant antioxidant activity in the DPPH-scavenging and the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase assays. Liver lipid peroxidation increased in diabetic animals followed by a reduction in theCroton-cajucara-Benth-treated group. There was activation of p65 nuclear expression in the diabetic animals, which was attenuated in the animals receiving theCroton cajucaraBenth aqueous extract. The liver tissue in diabetic rats showed oxidative alterations related to the streptozotocin treatment. In conclusion theCroton cajucaraBenth aqueus extract treatment effectively reduced the oxidative stress and contributed to tissue recovery.