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Performance and Symptom Validity Assessment in Patients with Apathy and Cognitive Impairment
- Source :
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 26(3), 314-321. Cambridge University Press
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Cambridge University Press, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Objective:Performance and symptom validity tests (PVTs and SVTs) measure the credibility of the assessment results. Cognitive impairment and apathy potentially interfere with validity test performance and may thus lead to an incorrect (i.e., false-positive) classification of the patient’s scores as non-credible. The study aimed at examining the false-positive rate of three validity tests in patients with cognitive impairment and apathy.Methods:A cross-sectional, comparative study was performed in 56 patients with dementia, 41 patients with mild cognitive impairment, and 41 patients with Parkinson’s disease. Two PVTs – the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) and the Dot Counting Test (DCT) – and one SVT – the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) – were administered. Apathy was measured with the Apathy Evaluation Scale, and severity of cognitive impairment with the Mini Mental State Examination.Results:The failure rate was 13.7% for the TOMM, 23.8% for the DCT, and 12.5% for the SIMS. Of the patients with data on all three tests (n = 105), 13.5% failed one test, 2.9% failed two tests, and none failed all three. Failing the PVTs was associated with cognitive impairment, but not with apathy. Failing the SVT was related to apathy, but not to cognitive impairment.Conclusions:In patients with cognitive impairment or apathy, failing one validity test is not uncommon. Validity tests are differentially sensitive to cognitive impairment and apathy. However, the rule that at least two validity tests should be failed to identify non-credibility seemed to ensure a high percentage of correct classification of credibility.
- Subjects :
- Male
050103 clinical psychology
Malingering
Parkinson's disease
Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM)
Test validity
Neuropsychological Tests
DISEASE
0302 clinical medicine
Apathy
Aged, 80 and over
ISSUES
medicine.diagnostic_test
General Neuroscience
DEMENTIA
05 social sciences
VERBAL-LEARNING TEST
Parkinson Disease
Middle Aged
Test (assessment)
Psychiatry and Mental health
Clinical Psychology
TESTS
Female
medicine.symptom
Clinical psychology
Traumatic brain injury
TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY
Sensitivity and Specificity
03 medical and health sciences
Test of Memory Malingering
medicine
Dementia
Humans
Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS)
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Cognitive Dysfunction
Dot Counting Test (DCT)
RATES
STRUCTURED-INVENTORY
Aged
Memory Disorders
Mini–Mental State Examination
business.industry
Reproducibility of Results
Mild cognitive impairment
ADULTS
medicine.disease
Symptom validity
Cross-Sectional Studies
Neurology (clinical)
business
SIMS
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 13556177
- Volume :
- 26
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....679300a5015ad5324389dc6f7a04669a