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Eficacia de los inhibidores selectivos de recaptación de serotonina en síntomas no cognitivos del alzhéimer: revisión sistemática

Authors :
Tapasco Alzate, Wolmar Olmedo
Vallejo Silva, Alexie
Morón Duarte, Lina Sofía
Source :
1. Reitz C, Brayne C, Mayeux R. Epidemiology of Alzheimer disease. Nature Reviews Neurology, 2011. 7: 137-152, 2. Alzheimer´s Association. Alzheimer´s disease facts and figures. Alzheimer & Dementia, 2010, Volume 6., 3. Finkel SL, Costa e Silva J, Cohen G, et al. Behavioural and psychological signs and symptoms of dementia: a consensus on current knowledge and implications for research and treatment. International Psychogeriatrics, 1996. 8(3): 497-500., 4. Grimmer T, Kurz A. Effects of cholinesterase inhibitors on behavioral disturbances in Alzheimer´s disease. Drugs Ageing, 2006. 23(12): 957-968., 5. Schneider LS, Dagerman KS, Insel P. Risk of death with atypical antipsychotic drug treatment for dementia: meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. The Journal of American Medical Association, 2005. 294(15): 1934-1943., 6. Guill SS, Herrmann N, Lee PE, et al. Atypical antipsychotic drugs and risk of ischemic stroke: population based retrospective cohort study. British Medical Journal, 2005, 300: 445-448., 7. Lanctôt KL, Herrmann N, Yau KK, et al. Efficacy and safety of cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer´s disease: a meta-analysis. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 2003. 169(6): 557-564., 8. Mega MS, Cummings JL, Fiorello T, et al. The spectrum of behavioral changes in Alzheimer´s disease. Neurology, 1996. 46(1): 130-135., 9. Szulik J. Síntomas comportamentales y psicológicos de las demencias (SCPD). Nuevas líneas de investigación. Vertex, Revista Argentina de Psiquiatría, 2000. 12(44): 107-118., 11. American Health Assistance Foundation. Alzheimer´s disease research, 2012., 12. Schulz R, Martir LM. Family caregiving of persons with dementia. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry; 2004. 12: 240 – 249., 13. Geda Y, Roberts R, Knopman D, et al. Prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in mild cognitive impairment and normal cognitive aging. Archives of General Psychiatry; 2008. 65: 1193 – 1198., 14. Ellison J, Harper D, Berlow Y, et al. Beyond the ‘C’ in MCI: no cognitive symptoms in amnestic and non – amnestic mild cognitive impairment. CNS Spectrums; 2008. 13: 67 – 72., 15. Berger A, Fratiglioni L, Forsell Y, et al. The occurrence of depressive symptoms in the preclinical phase of AD. A population – based study. Neurology; 1999. 53 (9): 1998 – 2002, 16. Meera W, Farzana L, Subramanyam R. Role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in psychiatric disorders: a comprehensive review. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry; 2008. 27(1): 85 – 103., 17. Verhey FR, Visser PJ. Phenomenology of depression in dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 2000. 12(11): 129-134., 18. Marin RS. Apathy: a neuropsychiatric syndrome. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences; 1991. 3: 243-254., 19. Guilley DW. Are behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia associated with mortality in Alzheimer´s disease? International Psychogeriatrics, 2000. 12(1): 63-66., 20. Gauthier S, Feldman J, Hecker J, et al. Efficacy of donepezil on behavioral symptoms in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer´s disease. International Psychogeriatrics, 2002. 14: 389-404., 21. Cummings JL, Koumaras B, Chen M, et al. Effects of rivastigmine treatment on the neuropsychiatric and behavioural disturbance of nursing home residents with moderate to severe probable Alzheimer´s disease: a 26 weeks, multicenter, open-label study. American Journal of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy, 2005. 3(3): 137-148., 22. Cummings JL, Schneider L, Tariot PN, et al. Reduction of behavioral disturbances of caregiver distress by galantamine in patients with Alzheimer´s disease. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2004. 161: 532-538., 23. Gauthier S, Wirth Y, Möbius HJ. Effects of memantine on behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer´s disease patients: an analysis of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) data of randomized, controlled studies. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2005. 20(5): 459-64., 24. Cumming JL, Schneider L, Tariot PN. Behavioral effects of memantine in Alzheimer disease patients receiving donepezil treatment. Neurology, 2006. 67:57-63., 25. Lee PE, Gill SS, Freedman M, et al. Atypical antipsychotic drugs in the treatment of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia: systematic review. British Medical Journal, 2004. 329: 75-78., 26. Devanand DP. Conventional neuroleptics in dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 2000. 12(1): 253-261., 27. Dorsey ER, Rabbani A, Gallager SA, et al. Impact of FDA black box advisory on antipsychotic medication use. Archives of Internal Medicine; 2009. 170 (1): 96 – 103., 28. Ziskoven D. Atypical Antipsychotics: Clinical efficacy and tolerability. Is tolerability predictable? European Journal of Biological Pharmacology; 2008. 2 (4): 95 – 100., 29. Vigen CL, Mack WJ, Keefe RS, et al. Cognitive effects of atypical antipsychotic medications in patients with Alzheimer's disease: outcomes from CATIE-AD. American Journal of Psychiatry; 2011. 168: 831 – 839., 30. Tariot PN, Erb R, Podgorski CA, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of carbamazepine for agitation and aggression in dementia. American journal of Psychiatry, 1998. 155: 54-61., 31. Tariot PN, Raman MD, Jakimovich L, et al. Divalproex sodium in nursing home residents with possible or probable Alzheimer´s disease complicated by agitation. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2005, 13: 942-949., 32. Fastbom J, Forsell Y, Winblad B. Benzodiazepines may have protective effects against Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 1998. 12: 14-17., 33. Allain H, Schuck S, Bentué – Ferrer D, et al. Anxiolytics in the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 2000. 12(1): 281-289., 34. Bottiggi K, Salazar JC, Yu LM, et al. Long-term cognitive impact of anticholinergic medications in older adults. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2006. 14(11): 980-984., 35. Burke WJ, Dewan V, Wengel SP, et al. The use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for depression and psychosis complicating dementia. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 1997. 12: 519-525., 36. Thompson S, Herrmann N, Rapoport M, et al. Efficacy and safety of antidepressants for treatment of depression in Alzheimer´s disease: a metaanalysis. La Revue Canadienne de Psychiatrie, 2007. 52(4): 248-255., 37. Sultzer DL, Gray KF, Gunay I. A double-blind comparison of trazodone and haloperidol for treatment of agitation in patients with dementia. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 1997. 5: 60-69., 38. Taylor D. Antidepressant drugs and cardiovascular pathology: a clinical overview of effectiveness and safety. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2008. 118: 434 – 442., 39. Sultzer DL. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and trazodone for treatment of depression, psychosis, and behavioral symptoms in patients with dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 2000. 12(1): 245-251., 40. Newhouse PA. Use of serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors in geriatric depression. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 1996. 57: 12 – 22., 41. Magai C, Kennedy G, Cohen C, et al. A controlled clinical trial of sertraline in the treatment of depression in nursing home patients with late – stage Alzheimer´s disease. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2000. 8: 66 – 74., 42. Pollock B, Mulsant B, Rosen J, et al. Comparison of citalopram, perphenazine, and placebo for the acute treatment of psychosis and behavioral disturbances in hospitalized, demented patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2002. 159: 460 – 465., 43. Lyketsos C, Del Campo L, Steinberg M, et al. Treating depression in Alzheimer disease. Efficacy and safety of sertraline therapy, and the benefits of depression reduction: the DIADS. Archives of General Psychiatry, 2003. 60: 737 – 743., 44. Finkel S, Mintzer J, Dysken M, et al. A randomized, placebo – controlled study of the efficacy and safety of sertraline in the treatment of the behavioral manifestations of Alzheimer´s disease in outpatients treated whit donepezil. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2004. 19: 9 – 18., 45. Pollock B, Mulsant B, Rosen J, et al. A double – blind comparison of citalopram and risperidone for the treatment of behavioral and psychotic symptoms associated with dementia. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2007. 15: 942 – 952, 46. Weintraub D, Rosenberg P, Drye L, et al. Sertraline for the treatment of depression in Alzheimer´s disease: week – 24 outcomes. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2010. 18 (4): 332 – 340., 47. Banerjee S, Hellier J, Dewey M, et al. Sertraline or mirtazapina for depression in dementia (HTA – SADD): a randomized, multicentre, double – blind, placebo – controlled trial. Lancet, 2011. 378: 403 – 411., 48. Abrami PC, Cohen PA, Apollonia S. Implementation problems in Meta – Analysis. Review of Educational Research, 1988. 58(2): 151 – 179., Repositorio EdocUR-U. Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, instacron:Universidad del Rosario
Publication Year :
2013
Publisher :
Universidad del Rosario, 2013.

Abstract

Introducción: El Alzhéimer tiene una prevalencia de 1,6% en las personas mayores de 65 años. Se caracteriza por la pérdida de memoria y otras funciones cognoscitivas, pero más del 70% de los afectados presentan síntomas no cognitivos entre los que se encuentran alteraciones del afecto, comportamiento y psicosis. Estos síntomas están asociados a mayores tasas de institucionalización, morbilidad y mortalidad. Métodos: Revisión sistemática de la literatura de artículos que proporcionaron información sobre la eficacia de los inhibidores selectivos de recaptación de serotonina en síntomas no cognitivos del Alzhéimer. Resultados: La búsqueda inicial arrojó un total de 495 resultados, 64 artículos fueron preseleccionados y 7 se incluyeron en la revisión; éstos se clasificaron como nivel de evidencia Ib; citalopram mostró ser más eficaz que el placebo y similar a antipsicóticos para síntomas comportamentales y psicóticos asociados al Alzhéimer con un perfil de efectos adversos más tolerable; sertralina no mostró eficacia en depresión y sí una mayor incidencia de efectos adversos con respecto al placebo. Discusión: Se obtuvieron resultados favorables en síntomas comportamentales y psicóticos pero no en afectivos. Las diferencias metodológicas de los estudios le dan complejidad a la interpretación de los resultados. Conclusión: La evidencia sugiere que el tratamiento con citalopram es eficaz en síntomas comportamentales y psicóticos asociados al Alzhéimer; para el tratamiento de la depresión asociado a esta demencia aún no existe un antidepresivo que pueda considerarse de elección. Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease has a 1. 6% of prevalence in people over 65 years of age. It is characterized by loss of memory and other cognitive functions, but more of the 70% of affected have non-cognitive symptoms as alterations of mood, behavior and psychosis. These symptoms are associated to increased rates of institutionalization, morbidity and mortality. Methods: Systematic review of literature from papers that provided information about efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in Alzheimer’s non-cognitive symptoms. Results: Initial search resulted in 495 papers, 64 articles were pre-selected and 7 were included in review, these were classified as level of evidence Ib, Citalopram showed to be more effective than placebo and similar to antipsychotics for behavioral and psychotic symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease with more tolerable profile of adverse effects; Sertraline didn’t show efficacy in depression but an increased incidence of adverse effects compared against placebo. Discussion: Favorable results were achieved in behavioral and psychotic symptoms but not in emotional symptoms. Methodological differences among the studies give complexity to interpretation of results. Conclusions: Evidence suggests that Citalopram’s treatment is effective in behavioral and psychotic symptoms associated to Alzheimer’s disease; for treatment of depression associated to this dementia does not yet exist an antidepressant that can consider treatment of choice.

Details

Language :
Spanish; Castilian
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
1. Reitz C, Brayne C, Mayeux R. Epidemiology of Alzheimer disease. Nature Reviews Neurology, 2011. 7: 137-152, 2. Alzheimer´s Association. Alzheimer´s disease facts and figures. Alzheimer & Dementia, 2010, Volume 6., 3. Finkel SL, Costa e Silva J, Cohen G, et al. Behavioural and psychological signs and symptoms of dementia: a consensus on current knowledge and implications for research and treatment. International Psychogeriatrics, 1996. 8(3): 497-500., 4. Grimmer T, Kurz A. Effects of cholinesterase inhibitors on behavioral disturbances in Alzheimer´s disease. Drugs Ageing, 2006. 23(12): 957-968., 5. Schneider LS, Dagerman KS, Insel P. Risk of death with atypical antipsychotic drug treatment for dementia: meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. The Journal of American Medical Association, 2005. 294(15): 1934-1943., 6. Guill SS, Herrmann N, Lee PE, et al. Atypical antipsychotic drugs and risk of ischemic stroke: population based retrospective cohort study. British Medical Journal, 2005, 300: 445-448., 7. Lanctôt KL, Herrmann N, Yau KK, et al. Efficacy and safety of cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer´s disease: a meta-analysis. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 2003. 169(6): 557-564., 8. Mega MS, Cummings JL, Fiorello T, et al. The spectrum of behavioral changes in Alzheimer´s disease. Neurology, 1996. 46(1): 130-135., 9. Szulik J. Síntomas comportamentales y psicológicos de las demencias (SCPD). Nuevas líneas de investigación. Vertex, Revista Argentina de Psiquiatría, 2000. 12(44): 107-118., 11. American Health Assistance Foundation. Alzheimer´s disease research, 2012., 12. Schulz R, Martir LM. Family caregiving of persons with dementia. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry; 2004. 12: 240 – 249., 13. Geda Y, Roberts R, Knopman D, et al. Prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in mild cognitive impairment and normal cognitive aging. Archives of General Psychiatry; 2008. 65: 1193 – 1198., 14. Ellison J, Harper D, Berlow Y, et al. Beyond the ‘C’ in MCI: no cognitive symptoms in amnestic and non – amnestic mild cognitive impairment. CNS Spectrums; 2008. 13: 67 – 72., 15. Berger A, Fratiglioni L, Forsell Y, et al. The occurrence of depressive symptoms in the preclinical phase of AD. A population – based study. Neurology; 1999. 53 (9): 1998 – 2002, 16. Meera W, Farzana L, Subramanyam R. Role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in psychiatric disorders: a comprehensive review. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry; 2008. 27(1): 85 – 103., 17. Verhey FR, Visser PJ. Phenomenology of depression in dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 2000. 12(11): 129-134., 18. Marin RS. Apathy: a neuropsychiatric syndrome. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences; 1991. 3: 243-254., 19. Guilley DW. Are behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia associated with mortality in Alzheimer´s disease? International Psychogeriatrics, 2000. 12(1): 63-66., 20. Gauthier S, Feldman J, Hecker J, et al. Efficacy of donepezil on behavioral symptoms in patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer´s disease. International Psychogeriatrics, 2002. 14: 389-404., 21. Cummings JL, Koumaras B, Chen M, et al. Effects of rivastigmine treatment on the neuropsychiatric and behavioural disturbance of nursing home residents with moderate to severe probable Alzheimer´s disease: a 26 weeks, multicenter, open-label study. American Journal of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy, 2005. 3(3): 137-148., 22. Cummings JL, Schneider L, Tariot PN, et al. Reduction of behavioral disturbances of caregiver distress by galantamine in patients with Alzheimer´s disease. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2004. 161: 532-538., 23. Gauthier S, Wirth Y, Möbius HJ. Effects of memantine on behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer´s disease patients: an analysis of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) data of randomized, controlled studies. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2005. 20(5): 459-64., 24. Cumming JL, Schneider L, Tariot PN. Behavioral effects of memantine in Alzheimer disease patients receiving donepezil treatment. Neurology, 2006. 67:57-63., 25. Lee PE, Gill SS, Freedman M, et al. Atypical antipsychotic drugs in the treatment of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia: systematic review. British Medical Journal, 2004. 329: 75-78., 26. Devanand DP. Conventional neuroleptics in dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 2000. 12(1): 253-261., 27. Dorsey ER, Rabbani A, Gallager SA, et al. Impact of FDA black box advisory on antipsychotic medication use. Archives of Internal Medicine; 2009. 170 (1): 96 – 103., 28. Ziskoven D. Atypical Antipsychotics: Clinical efficacy and tolerability. Is tolerability predictable? European Journal of Biological Pharmacology; 2008. 2 (4): 95 – 100., 29. Vigen CL, Mack WJ, Keefe RS, et al. Cognitive effects of atypical antipsychotic medications in patients with Alzheimer's disease: outcomes from CATIE-AD. American Journal of Psychiatry; 2011. 168: 831 – 839., 30. Tariot PN, Erb R, Podgorski CA, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of carbamazepine for agitation and aggression in dementia. American journal of Psychiatry, 1998. 155: 54-61., 31. Tariot PN, Raman MD, Jakimovich L, et al. Divalproex sodium in nursing home residents with possible or probable Alzheimer´s disease complicated by agitation. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2005, 13: 942-949., 32. Fastbom J, Forsell Y, Winblad B. Benzodiazepines may have protective effects against Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 1998. 12: 14-17., 33. Allain H, Schuck S, Bentué – Ferrer D, et al. Anxiolytics in the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 2000. 12(1): 281-289., 34. Bottiggi K, Salazar JC, Yu LM, et al. Long-term cognitive impact of anticholinergic medications in older adults. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2006. 14(11): 980-984., 35. Burke WJ, Dewan V, Wengel SP, et al. The use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for depression and psychosis complicating dementia. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 1997. 12: 519-525., 36. Thompson S, Herrmann N, Rapoport M, et al. Efficacy and safety of antidepressants for treatment of depression in Alzheimer´s disease: a metaanalysis. La Revue Canadienne de Psychiatrie, 2007. 52(4): 248-255., 37. Sultzer DL, Gray KF, Gunay I. A double-blind comparison of trazodone and haloperidol for treatment of agitation in patients with dementia. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 1997. 5: 60-69., 38. Taylor D. Antidepressant drugs and cardiovascular pathology: a clinical overview of effectiveness and safety. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2008. 118: 434 – 442., 39. Sultzer DL. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and trazodone for treatment of depression, psychosis, and behavioral symptoms in patients with dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 2000. 12(1): 245-251., 40. Newhouse PA. Use of serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors in geriatric depression. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 1996. 57: 12 – 22., 41. Magai C, Kennedy G, Cohen C, et al. A controlled clinical trial of sertraline in the treatment of depression in nursing home patients with late – stage Alzheimer´s disease. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2000. 8: 66 – 74., 42. Pollock B, Mulsant B, Rosen J, et al. Comparison of citalopram, perphenazine, and placebo for the acute treatment of psychosis and behavioral disturbances in hospitalized, demented patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2002. 159: 460 – 465., 43. Lyketsos C, Del Campo L, Steinberg M, et al. Treating depression in Alzheimer disease. Efficacy and safety of sertraline therapy, and the benefits of depression reduction: the DIADS. Archives of General Psychiatry, 2003. 60: 737 – 743., 44. Finkel S, Mintzer J, Dysken M, et al. A randomized, placebo – controlled study of the efficacy and safety of sertraline in the treatment of the behavioral manifestations of Alzheimer´s disease in outpatients treated whit donepezil. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2004. 19: 9 – 18., 45. Pollock B, Mulsant B, Rosen J, et al. A double – blind comparison of citalopram and risperidone for the treatment of behavioral and psychotic symptoms associated with dementia. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2007. 15: 942 – 952, 46. Weintraub D, Rosenberg P, Drye L, et al. Sertraline for the treatment of depression in Alzheimer´s disease: week – 24 outcomes. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2010. 18 (4): 332 – 340., 47. Banerjee S, Hellier J, Dewey M, et al. Sertraline or mirtazapina for depression in dementia (HTA – SADD): a randomized, multicentre, double – blind, placebo – controlled trial. Lancet, 2011. 378: 403 – 411., 48. Abrami PC, Cohen PA, Apollonia S. Implementation problems in Meta – Analysis. Review of Educational Research, 1988. 58(2): 151 – 179., Repositorio EdocUR-U. Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, instacron:Universidad del Rosario
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....67751ef39d4d53bd88e4fd2ffc0261fb