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Regulation of Adipocyte and Macrophage Functions by mTORC1 and 2 in Metabolic Diseases
- Source :
- Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), instacron:USP
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Scope Evidence gathered in the last decades suggests that lipotoxicity and inflammation are the main factors connecting adipose tissue dysfunction to the development of metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease, and certain types of cancer, among others. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine threonine kinase that functions as the catalytic entity of two multiprotein complexes, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). These complexes are important components of signaling pathways activated by nutrients, growth factors, and inflammatory mediators and are therefore directly involved in the regulation of adipocyte and macrophage metabolism and function. Methods and results In this article, studies that evaluate the involvement of mTORC1 and 2 in the regulation of macrophage and adipocyte function and their implication in the development of metabolic-disease-associated adipose tissue dysfunction are reviewed. Conclusion In adipocytes, optimal levels of mTORC1 activity are required for its pro-lipogenic actions, while in macrophages, mTORC1 regulates features of both M1 and M2 polarization. mTORC2, on the other hand, promotes glucose uptake and de novo lipogenesis in adipocytes and counteracts macrophage inflammatory response.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Adipose Tissue, White
Adipose tissue
Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2
mTORC1
Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1
mTORC2
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
FÁRMACOS IMUNOSSUPRESSORES
Metabolic Diseases
Adipocyte
Adipocytes
Animals
Humans
Obesity
Mechanistic target of rapamycin
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
030109 nutrition & dietetics
biology
Macrophages
Cell biology
030104 developmental biology
chemistry
Lipotoxicity
Lipogenesis
biology.protein
Inflammation Mediators
Food Science
Biotechnology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 16134133 and 16134125
- Volume :
- 65
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....66fb9025a7788b412f88da77a9d66d1b