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Heterogeneous recruitment abilities to RNA polymerases generate nonlinear scaling of gene expression with cell volume
- Source :
- Nature Communications, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021), Nature Communications
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Nature Portfolio, 2021.
-
Abstract
- While most genes’ expression levels are proportional to cell volumes, some genes exhibit nonlinear scaling between their expression levels and cell volume. Therefore, their mRNA and protein concentrations change as the cell volume increases, which often have crucial biological functions such as cell-cycle regulation. However, the biophysical mechanism underlying the nonlinear scaling between gene expression and cell volume is still unclear. In this work, we show that the nonlinear scaling is a direct consequence of the heterogeneous recruitment abilities of promoters to RNA polymerases based on a gene expression model at the whole-cell level. Those genes with weaker (stronger) recruitment abilities than the average ability spontaneously exhibit superlinear (sublinear) scaling with cell volume. Analysis of the promoter sequences and the nonlinear scaling of Saccharomyces cerevisiae’s mRNA levels shows that motifs associated with transcription regulation are indeed enriched in genes exhibiting nonlinear scaling, in concert with our model.<br />Expression levels of most genes are proportional to cell volumes, although some genes exhibit nonlinear scaling of expression levels with cell volume. Here the authors provide a model that reveals nonlinear scaling is a direct consequence of heterogeneous recruitment abilities of promoters to RNA polymerases.
- Subjects :
- Science
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Cell
Genes, Fungal
General Physics and Astronomy
Gene Expression
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Article
Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
Gene expression
Transcriptional regulation
medicine
RNA, Messenger
Nucleotide Motifs
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Scaling
Gene
Polymerase
Cell Size
Messenger RNA
Multidisciplinary
biology
Models, Genetic
Chemistry
RNA
Promoter
General Chemistry
DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases
Cell cycle
biology.organism_classification
Cell biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
biology.protein
Biophysics
Biological physics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20411723
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Nature Communications
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....66c344c9e03ca0162c1331e022346de3