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Glycopeptide antibiotics: evolving resistance, pharmacology and adverse event profile
- Source :
- Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy. 13:1265-1278
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- Informa UK Limited, 2015.
-
Abstract
- The first glycopeptide antibiotic was vancomycin, isolated from the soil in the 1950s; since then, the class has expanded to include teicoplanin and the new semisynthetic glycopeptides dalbavancin, oritavancin and telavancin. They are bactericidal, active against most Gram-positive organisms, and in a concentration-dependent manner, inhibit cell wall synthesis. Resistance to vancomycin has emerged, especially among enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus through a variety of mechanisms. This emerging resistance to vancomycin makes proper dosing and monitoring of the area under the curve/MIC critically important. The chief adverse effect of vancomycin is nephrotoxicity, which is also intricately related to its dose. The efficacy of the semisynthetic glycopeptides has been demonstrated in skin and soft-tissue infections, but remains to be seen in serious methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections.
- Subjects :
- Microbiology (medical)
medicine.drug_class
Glycopeptide antibiotic
Pharmacology
medicine.disease_cause
Microbiology
Telavancin
Vancomycin
Virology
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
medicine
Humans
Bacteria
business.industry
Teicoplanin
Oritavancin
Dalbavancin
Bacterial Infections
biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition
Glycopeptide
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Infectious Diseases
Staphylococcus aureus
business
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17448336 and 14787210
- Volume :
- 13
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....66c2b957dbb655978de38cfed31a28d1