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Effects of widespread human disturbances in the marine environment suggest a new agenda for meiofauna research is needed
- Source :
- The Science of the total environment. 728
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- The response of an ecological community to a disturbance event, and its capacity to recover, are of major interest to ecologists, especially at a time of increasing frequencies and intensities of environmental change brought about by humans. Meiofauna, a group of small-sized organisms, are an abundant and ubiquitous component of seafloor communities that respond rapidly to environmental change. We summarise the available research on the response of metazoan meiofauna to the most widespread anthropogenic disturbances in the marine environment, including bottom fishing, the introduction of invasive species and anthropogenic climate change. We show that disturbance effects on habitats interact critically with effects on resident meiofauna species. Their responses are consistent with competitive replacement, where disparate disturbance effects on competing species drive shifts in dominance and intra- and interspecific interactions. The widespread replacement of habitat-specific ecological specialists by broadly-adapted ecological generalists and opportunists results in biotic and functional homogenisation of once disparate biotas. Anthropogenic disturbances may facilitate novel interactions among meiofauna species, and between meiofauna and other benthic organisms, but the number and breadth of these interactions is likely to be limited. Knowledge about the dependence of meiofauna species on their environment and on other benthic species has been growing. Future studies will be most meaningful if this knowledge is expanded alongside understanding the potential of locally adapted species to respond to shifts in environmental conditions.
- Subjects :
- Bottom fishing
Environmental Engineering
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Community
Environmental change
Ecology
Meiobenthos
Climate Change
fungi
010501 environmental sciences
Generalist and specialist species
01 natural sciences
Pollution
Geography
Habitat
Benthic zone
Environmental Chemistry
Dominance (ecology)
Animals
Humans
Waste Management and Disposal
Ecosystem
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18791026
- Volume :
- 728
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Science of the total environment
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....66a27633cba93834c04a4b825db8c8de